Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, 80523, Fort Collins, Colorado.
J Chem Ecol. 1986 Jun;12(6):1459-68. doi: 10.1007/BF01012364.
Iridoid glycosides were found to be sequestered by natural populations ofEuphydryas anicia after ingestion from the host plantsBesseya alpina, B. plantaginea, andCastilleja integra. Both major iridoids ofB. alpina, cataipol and aucubin, were found in butterfly populations where this was the only host plant. The catalpol-aucubin ratio was higher in the butterflies than in the host plant. AnE. anicia population which uses bothB. plantaginea andC. integra as host plants was found to sequester cataipol as well as another iridoid, macfadienoside. Macfadienoside was the major iridoid ofC. integra, while catalpol esters were the major iridoids ofB. plantaginea. Although it was a major sequestered iridoid, catalpol was a minor constituent in both host plants. The macfadienoside-catalpol ratio in the butterflies from this population was highly variable, and there appeared to be both sex and individual variation in host plant and/or iridoid glucoside utilization byE. anicia. Although other iridoids were present in the host plants, none was sequestered in more than trace amounts.
在摄入其宿主植物高山贝母、贝母和整合卡斯蒂利亚后，发现天仙子属的天然种群中存在环烯醚萜苷。在这种植物是唯一宿主植物的蝴蝶种群中，发现了高山贝母的两种主要环烯醚萜苷，梓醇和桃叶珊瑚苷。在蝴蝶中，梓醇-桃叶珊瑚苷的比例高于宿主植物。发现同时使用贝母和整合卡斯蒂利亚作为宿主植物的天仙子属种群，也能隔离梓醇和另一种环烯醚萜苷，即麦克法迪苷。麦克法迪苷是整合卡斯蒂利亚的主要环烯醚萜苷，而梓醇酯则是贝母的主要环烯醚萜苷。尽管梓醇是主要的隔离环烯醚萜苷，但在这两种宿主植物中，它的含量都较少。来自该种群的蝴蝶中，麦克法迪苷-梓醇的比例变化很大，而且天仙子属对宿主植物和/或环烯醚萜糖苷的利用似乎存在性别和个体差异。尽管宿主植物中存在其他环烯醚萜苷，但它们的含量都低于痕量。
