Chaput Catherine, Sander Leif Erik, Suttorp Norbert, Opitz Bastian
Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Berlin , Germany.
Front Immunol. 2013 Nov 21;4:393. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00393.
The lung is a particularly vulnerable organ at the interface of the body and the exterior environment. It is constantly exposed to microbes and particles by inhalation. The innate immune system needs to react promptly and adequately to potential dangers posed by these microbes and particles, while at the same time avoiding extensive tissue damage. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRs) represent a group of key sensors for microbes and damage in the lung. As such they are important players in various infectious as well as acute and chronic sterile inflammatory diseases, such as pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome, pneumoconiosis, and asthma. Activation of most known NLRs leads to the production and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and/or to the induction of cell death. We will review NLR functions in the lung during infection and sterile inflammation.
肺是人体与外部环境界面处一个特别脆弱的器官。它通过吸入不断接触微生物和颗粒。固有免疫系统需要对这些微生物和颗粒带来的潜在危险迅速做出充分反应，同时避免广泛的组织损伤。核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体（NLRs）是肺中微生物和损伤的一组关键传感器。因此，它们在各种感染性以及急慢性无菌性炎症疾病中发挥重要作用，如肺炎、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）、急性肺损伤/急性呼吸窘迫综合征、尘肺病和哮喘。大多数已知NLRs的激活会导致促炎细胞因子的产生和释放，和/或诱导细胞死亡。我们将综述NLRs在感染和无菌性炎症期间在肺中的功能。
