Tumin Makmor, Noh Abdillah, Mohd Satar Nurulhuda, Chin-Sieng Chong, Soo-Kun Lim, Abdullah Nawi, Kok-Peng Ng
Department of Administrative Studies and Politics, Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Ann Transplant. 2013 Dec 9;18:671-6. doi: 10.12659/AOT.889194.
The aim of this paper is to look into the factors influencing Malaysian Muslims' decision to become deceased organ donors in Malaysia.
We approached 900 Malaysian Muslims and 779 participated in our survey, conducted in Kuala Lumpur and its suburb. We examined their willingness to become donors and the willing donors were asked why they did not pledge to become donors. Non-donors were asked why they refuse to become donors.
The survey found the main reason for Malaysian Muslims not pledging their organs was due to their lack of information on organ donation and/or their lack of confidence in the government's ability to properly administer organ donation procedures. Another interesting finding is that religion is not a main deterrent to organ donation.
The survey suggests that Malaysia can explore many ways to encourage organ donation without having to resort to the highly controversial financial incentive option. A key to Malaysia's success or failure to increase organ donation rate lies in its ability to persuade its Muslim population (its largest population) to donate organs. This can be done by adopting a segmented, focused, and highly localized form of public education and by leveraging on existing networks involving local religious and community leaders as well as government and non-governmental institutions.
本文旨在探究影响马来西亚穆斯林在马来西亚成为已故器官捐赠者这一决定的因素。
我们接触了900名马来西亚穆斯林，其中779人参与了我们在吉隆坡及其郊区进行的调查。我们考察了他们成为捐赠者的意愿，并询问了愿意成为捐赠者的人为何没有承诺成为捐赠者。对于非捐赠者，我们询问了他们拒绝成为捐赠者的原因。
调查发现，马来西亚穆斯林不承诺捐赠器官的主要原因是他们缺乏器官捐赠方面的信息和/或对政府妥善管理器官捐赠程序的能力缺乏信心。另一个有趣的发现是，宗教并非器官捐赠的主要阻碍因素。
该调查表明，马来西亚可以探索多种鼓励器官捐赠的方式，而不必诉诸极具争议性的经济激励选项。马来西亚提高器官捐赠率成败的关键在于其能否说服穆斯林群体（其最大的人口群体）捐赠器官。这可以通过采用分段、有针对性且高度本地化的公共教育形式，并借助涉及当地宗教和社区领袖以及政府和非政府机构的现有网络来实现。
