International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines.
Theor Appl Genet. 1977 May;51(3):97-110. doi: 10.1007/BF00273821.
The Genetic Evaluation and Utilization (GEU) program of the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) is an interdisciplinary program for the improvement of rice crops. Scientists trained in diverse disciplines such as plant breeding, plant pathology, entomology, agronomy, cereal chemistry, plant physiology, and soil chemistry work together and contribute their specialized skills to this joint endeavor. The program has five interrelated components: (1) germ plasm collection and conservation, (2) research in disciplinary areas, (3) development of improved germ plasm, (4) distribution, evaluation and exchange of germ plasm internationally, (5) training of young scientists.Over forty thousand rice varieties from different countries are being maintained in the IRRI germ plasm bank. These varieties have been screened for grain quality, resistance to various diseases and insects, and tolerance to various environmental stresses such as drought, high and low temperatures and problem soils. Donor parents for resistances to each of the problem areas have been identified. These parents were utilized for developing improved germ plasm. Varieties with resistance to as many as five diseases and five insect species have been developed. These multiple resistant varieties are grown on millions of hectares of rice land. Seeds of improved breeding materials are exchanged internationally and 194 scientists from different countries have been trained in rice improvement work.
国际水稻研究所（IRRI）的遗传评估和利用（GEU）计划是一个旨在改良水稻作物的跨学科计划。在植物育种、植物病理学、昆虫学、农学、谷物化学、植物生理学和土壤化学等不同学科受过培训的科学家们共同努力，发挥各自的专业技能，为这一联合努力做出贡献。该计划有五个相互关联的组成部分：（1）种质收集和保存，（2）学科领域的研究，（3）改良种质的开发，（4）国际范围内种质的分配、评估和交流，（5）青年科学家的培训。来自不同国家的超过 4 万种水稻品种在 IRRI 种质库中得到保存。这些品种已经过筛选，以评估其谷物品质、对各种病虫害的抗性以及对各种环境胁迫的耐受性，如干旱、高低温和问题土壤。已经确定了对每个问题领域的抗性的供体亲本。这些亲本被用于开发改良的种质。已经开发出对多达五种疾病和五种昆虫具有抗性的品种。这些具有多种抗性的品种在数百万公顷的稻田上种植。改良育种材料的种子在国际上进行交流，来自不同国家的 194 名科学家接受了水稻改良工作的培训。
