Ayo-Yusuf Olalekan A, Odukoya Oluwakemi O, Olutola Bukola G
Department of Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa;
Nicotine Tob Res. 2014 Jun;16(6):641-6. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntt199. Epub 2013 Dec 9.
This study sought to determine the sociodemographic correlates of exclusive and concurrent use of smokeless tobacco (SLT) and smoking (i.e., dual use) and to explore the association between SLT use and the amount of cigarettes smoked per day.
Data were obtained from a nationally representative sample of Nigerian men aged 15-59 years (N = 15,453) who participated in the 2008 Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). The NDHS used an interviewer-administered questionnaire to collect data on participants' sociodemographic characteristics and tobacco use status. Taking account of the multistage sampling used in the NDHS, data analyses included descriptive statistics, chi-square analysis, and multivariable adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis.
Of the respondents, 12.2% (n = 1,842) were tobacco users, out of which 24.5% (n = 477) were exclusive SLT users, 69% (n = 1,236) were exclusive smokers, and 6.5% (n = 129) were dual users. Both SLT use and smoking were most prevalent among the Igbo ethnic group and among the least educated men. SLT use was most prevalent among those in the southeast (9.75%) and north-central (7.71%) regions, where smoking was also common. The number of cigarettes smoked per day was not significantly different among dual users when compared with exclusive smokers (7.3 vs. 5.6; p = .088). Dual users were also more likely to self-identify as traditionalists (RRR = 6.03; 95% CI = 2.96-12.28) compared with self-identifying as practicing Islam or Christianity.
There are distinctive ethnic and regional differences in tobacco use patterns among Nigerian men, and SLT use was not associated with reduced smoking intensity among dual users.
本研究旨在确定无烟烟草（SLT）单独使用及与吸烟同时使用（即双重使用）的社会人口学相关因素，并探讨SLT使用与每日吸烟量之间的关联。
数据来自参与2008年尼日利亚人口与健康调查（NDHS）的15 - 59岁尼日利亚男性的全国代表性样本（N = 15,453）。NDHS使用由访谈员管理的问卷收集参与者的社会人口学特征和烟草使用状况数据。考虑到NDHS中使用的多阶段抽样，数据分析包括描述性统计、卡方分析和多变量调整多项逻辑回归分析。
在受访者中，12.2%（n = 1,842）为烟草使用者，其中24.5%（n = 477）为单独使用SLT者，69%（n = 1,236）为单独吸烟者，6.5%（n = 129）为双重使用者。SLT使用和吸烟在伊博族和受教育程度最低的男性中最为普遍。SLT使用在东南部（9.75%）和中北部（7.71%）地区最为普遍，吸烟在这些地区也很常见。与单独吸烟者相比，双重使用者每日吸烟量无显著差异（7.3对5.6；p = 0.088）。与自认为是穆斯林或基督教徒相比，双重使用者更有可能自认为是传统主义者（相对风险比 = 6.03；95%置信区间 = 2.96 - 12.28）。
尼日利亚男性的烟草使用模式存在明显的种族和地区差异，且SLT使用与双重使用者的吸烟强度降低无关。
