Diabetes Centre, VU University Medical Centre, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Endocrinol. 2014 Mar 7;221(1):T1-16. doi: 10.1530/JOE-13-0414. Print 2014 Apr.
The delivery of nutrients to the gastrointestinal tract after food ingestion activates the secretion of several gut-derived mediators, including the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), such as exenatide and liraglutide, are currently employed successfully in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. GLP-1RA improve glycaemic control and stimulate satiety, leading to reductions in food intake and body weight. Besides gastric distension and peripheral vagal nerve activation, GLP-1RA induce satiety by influencing brain regions involved in the regulation of feeding, and several routes of action have been proposed. This review summarises the evidence for a physiological role of GLP-1 in the central regulation of feeding behaviour and the different routes of action involved. Also, we provide an overview of presently available data on pharmacological stimulation of GLP-1 pathways leading to alterations in CNS activity, reductions in food intake and weight loss.
进食后，营养物质被输送到胃肠道，这会激活几种肠道来源的介质的分泌，包括肠促胰岛素激素胰高血糖素样肽 1（GLP-1）。GLP-1 受体激动剂（GLP-1RA），如 exenatide 和 liraglutide，目前被成功用于治疗 2 型糖尿病患者。GLP-1RA 可改善血糖控制并刺激饱腹感，从而减少食物摄入和体重。除了胃扩张和外周迷走神经激活外，GLP-1RA 通过影响参与进食调节的大脑区域来引起饱腹感，并且已经提出了几种作用途径。这篇综述总结了 GLP-1 在中枢调节进食行为中的生理作用以及涉及的不同作用途径的证据。此外，我们还概述了目前关于 GLP-1 途径的药理学刺激导致中枢神经系统活动改变、食物摄入减少和体重减轻的现有数据。
