Bouras C, de St Hilaire-Kafi S, Constantinidis J
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 1986;10(3-5):271-86. doi: 10.1016/0278-5846(86)90007-2.
The anatomic distribution of classical neurotransmitters, i.e. NA, DA, 5HT, ACH and GABA in the post-mortem autopsied brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been reviewed. In addition, the results and reviews reported in this paper give evidence for the change of a large number of neuropeptides in AD on the basis of immunohistochemical criteria. Among numerous peptidergic systems, abnormalities in SP, SS, NT and VIP have been observed. Therefore, no changes in the concentrations of CCK and TRH were reported. In this study, using immunohistochemical methods for SS changes in post-mortem brain material of three cases of AD and two controls, the following changes were observed: An important reduction of the SS-positive cell bodies and fibres in the cortex, the hippocampus, parahippocampic cortex, and neocortex, particularly in the parietal and frontal areas, as well as a reduction of SS cell bodies and fibres in the sub-cortical white matter. An amorphous SS-positive material in or close to the corona of a number of senile plaques. An important decrease of SS fibres and cell bodies in the lateral septi nuclei. An increase of the number and immunoreactive intensity of SS-positive fibres in the substantia innominata. In animal studies, an interaction between SS- and ACH turnover in the substantia innominata is reported. The GABA decrease as well as the SS deficit in the cortex area and sub-cortical white matter may lead to the interaction between SS and other neurotransmitters in AD.
本文综述了经典神经递质，即去甲肾上腺素（NA）、多巴胺（DA）、5-羟色胺（5HT）、乙酰胆碱（ACH）和γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）在阿尔茨海默病（AD）尸检大脑中的解剖分布。此外，本文报道的结果和综述表明，基于免疫组织化学标准，AD中大量神经肽发生了变化。在众多肽能系统中，已观察到P物质（SP）、生长抑素（SS）、神经降压素（NT）和血管活性肠肽（VIP）存在异常。因此，未报道胆囊收缩素（CCK）和促甲状腺激素释放激素（TRH）浓度的变化。在本研究中，采用免疫组织化学方法检测3例AD患者和2例对照者尸检脑材料中SS的变化，观察到以下变化：SS阳性细胞体和纤维在皮质、海马、海马旁皮质和新皮质中显著减少，尤其是在顶叶和额叶区域，以及皮质下白质中SS细胞体和纤维减少。在一些老年斑的晕轮内或附近有非晶态SS阳性物质。外侧隔核中SS纤维和细胞体显著减少。无名质中SS阳性纤维的数量和免疫反应强度增加。在动物研究中，报道了无名质中SS和ACH周转之间的相互作用。皮质区域和皮质下白质中GABA减少以及SS缺乏可能导致AD中SS与其他神经递质之间的相互作用。
