在6个月观察期内评估不同手动牙刷使用时长对口腔卫生的影响：一项随机临床试验

Influence of the utilization time of different manual toothbrushes on oral hygiene assessed during a 6-month observation period: a randomized clinical trial.

作者信息

Schmickler Jan, Wurbs Susanne, Wurbs Sabine, Lange Katharina, Rinke Sven, Hornecker Else, Mausberg Rainer F, Ziebolz Dirk

机构信息

Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology, and Cariology, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Germany.

出版信息

J Periodontol. 2014 Aug;85(8):1050-8. doi: 10.1902/jop.2013.130442. Epub 2013 Dec 12.

DOI:10.1902/jop.2013.130442

PMID:24329045

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The aim of this randomized clinical trial (RCT) was to investigate whether 6-month continuous use of different manual toothbrushes (TBs) influences plaque removal and the degree of gingival inflammation compared to short utilization periods of 4 weeks each.

METHODS

In total, 96 participants were randomly allocated into two groups: continuous use during 6 months (non-renewal group) or a change in TB every 4 weeks during 6 months (renewal group). Each group was subdivided into four subgroups (groups A to H; n = 12 each) according to the head size (normal or short) and bristle hardness (medium or soft) of the TB used. The modified Quigley-Hein plaque index (QHI), papilla bleeding index (PBI), and gingival index (GI) were recorded at baseline and 2, 8, 12, 16, and 24 weeks after baseline. After 24 weeks, each participant received a new TB, and at week 26, the final QHI, PBI, and GI were determined. The statistical evaluation consisted of analysis of covariance (P <0.05).

RESULTS

With time, QHI, PBI, and GI were significantly different between the renewal and the non-renewal groups (QHI: P = 0.02; PBI: P = 0.04; GI: P <0.01), independent of subgroup. In the renewal group, QHI showed a significant decrease between baseline and each follow-up visit (P <0.01). In the non-renewal group, there was a significant decrease compared to baseline up to and including week 16 (P <0.01). PBI in the renewal group showed no significant differences between baseline and each follow-up visit (P >0.05). In the non-renewal group, only the normal head/soft subgroup exhibited a significant increase at week 24 (P = 0.02). The GI in the renewal group showed no difference between baseline and all follow-up visits, whereas in the non-renewal group, there was a significant decrease up to and including week 12 (P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Six-month continuous use reduced the effectiveness of the TB with respect to plaque removal, and gingival inflammation appeared to increase.

摘要

背景

本随机临床试验（RCT）的目的是研究与每4周短期使用不同手动牙刷相比，连续6个月使用不同手动牙刷是否会影响牙菌斑清除和牙龈炎症程度。

方法

总共96名参与者被随机分为两组：6个月内持续使用（不更换组）或6个月内每4周更换一次牙刷（更换组）。根据所使用牙刷的刷头大小（正常或短）和刷毛硬度（中等或软），每组再细分为四个亚组（A至H组；每组n = 12）。在基线以及基线后2、8、12、16和24周记录改良的Quigley-Hein菌斑指数（QHI）、龈乳头出血指数（PBI）和牙龈指数（GI）。24周后，每位参与者收到一支新牙刷，并在第26周测定最终的QHI、PBI和GI。统计评估包括协方差分析（P <0.05）。

结果

随着时间推移，更换组和不更换组之间的QHI、PBI和GI存在显著差异（QHI：P = 0.02；PBI：P = 0.04；GI：P <0.01），与亚组无关。在更换组中，基线与每次随访之间QHI均显著下降（P <0.01）。在不更换组中，直至第16周（含第16周）与基线相比均有显著下降（P <0.0\1）。更换组中PBI在基线与每次随访之间无显著差异（P >0.05）。在不更换组中，仅正常刷头/软毛亚组在第24周出现显著升高（P = 0.02）。更换组中GI在基线与所有随访之间无差异，而在不更换组中，直至第12周（含第12周）有显著下降（P <0.05）。