Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CB3 0HE Cambridge, United Kingdom.
H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, BS8 1TL Bristol, United Kingdom.
Phys Rev Lett. 2013 Nov 27;111(22):228103. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.228103.
Synchronization of driven oscillators is a key aspect of flow generation in artificial and biological filaments such as cilia. Previous theoretical and numerical studies have considered the "rotor" model of a cilium in which the filament is coarse grained into a colloidal sphere driven with a given force law along a predefined trajectory to represent the oscillating motion of the cilium. These studies pointed to the importance of two factors in the emergence of synchronization: the modulation of the driving force around the orbit and the deformability of the trajectory. In this work it is shown via experiments, supported by numerical simulations and theory, that both of these factors are important and can be combined to produce strong synchronization (within a few cycles) even in the presence of thermal noise.
驱动振荡器的同步是人工和生物纤维（如纤毛）中产生流动的关键方面。以前的理论和数值研究考虑了纤毛的“转子”模型，其中将纤维粗化为胶体球，并沿预定轨迹施加给定的力定律来表示纤毛的振荡运动。这些研究指出了在同步出现时两个因素的重要性：驱动力围绕轨道的调制和轨迹的可变形性。本工作通过实验表明，在存在热噪声的情况下，这两个因素都很重要，可以结合起来产生强同步（在几个周期内）。实验得到了数值模拟和理论的支持。
