Moshki Mahdi, Baloochi Beydokhti Tahereh, Cheravi Khadijeh
Department of Public Health, School of Health, Social Development & Health Promotion Research Centre, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
J Clin Nurs. 2014 Aug;23(15-16):2256-63. doi: 10.1111/jocn.12505. Epub 2013 Dec 12.
To assess the effectiveness of application of health locus of control in pregnant women for prevention of postpartum depression in Iran.
Nearly 10-15% of women suffer postnatal depression by the end of the second week after delivery, which creates problems in caring for the child that may affect child's future learning and concentration.
Pre-post experimental design.
Two hundred and thirty volunteer women were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire, the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale and the Edinburg Depression Scale. Based on the associations found in the pretest, intervention programme was planned and carried out in the focused group discussion method. Data were collected after the end of scheduled sessions, immediately and one month later. The data were analysed with SPSS-16 using statistical methods including anova, chi-square test, Student's t-test and paired t-test.
Chance health locus of control significantly reduced and internal health locus of control significantly increased, immediately after intervention. Also, a month after intervention, a significant difference was observed between the two groups in reducing postpartum depression.
The planned participatory intervention led to empowerment and increased awareness and internalisation of health control beliefs and less tendency towards external health control beliefs, especially chance, improvement in general health leading to improved psychological health for prevention of postpartum depression in mothers.
Clinicians might assess chance and internal health locus of control to identify the women at risk of developing depression during their pregnancy and to develop prevention and treatment plans.
评估健康控制点应用于伊朗孕妇以预防产后抑郁的有效性。
近10% - 15%的女性在分娩后第二周结束时会患产后抑郁症，这给照顾孩子带来问题，可能影响孩子未来的学习和注意力。
前后实验设计。
230名志愿女性被随机分为实验组和对照组。数据收集工具包括人口统计学问卷、多维健康控制点量表和爱丁堡抑郁量表。基于预测试中发现的关联，以焦点小组讨论的方式规划并实施干预方案。在预定课程结束后、立即以及一个月后收集数据。使用SPSS - 16软件，采用方差分析、卡方检验、学生t检验和配对t检验等统计方法对数据进行分析。
干预后，机遇健康控制点显著降低，内在健康控制点显著增加。而且，干预一个月后，两组在减轻产后抑郁方面存在显著差异。
所规划的参与性干预导致赋权，增强了对健康控制信念的认识和内化，减少了对外部健康控制信念（尤其是机遇信念）的倾向，改善了总体健康状况，从而改善了心理健康，预防了母亲产后抑郁。
临床医生可以评估机遇和内在健康控制点，以识别孕期有患抑郁症风险的女性，并制定预防和治疗计划。
