Aleksić-Kovačević Sanja, Ozvegy József, Krstić Nikola, Rusvai Miklós, Jakab Csaba, Stanimirović Zoran, Becskei Zsolt
University of Belgrade Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Belgrade Serbia.
Belgrade Zoo Garden Belgrade Serbia.
Acta Vet Hung. 2014 Jun;62(2):180-93. doi: 10.1556/AVet.2013.060.
Water pollution is known to play an important role in the pathogenesis of plastron, carapace and skin diseases of turtles. In this study, a total of 150 European pond turtles (Emys orbicularis) of different age and both sexes, originating from natural habitats in Serbia, were examined for morphological changes of the skin, plastron, carapace and skeletal system. The turtles were taken out from their natural habitats in Lake Ludas, Lake Palic and Lake Tresetiste. After artificial hibernation, they were subjected to detailed examination, sampled and treated, and finally returned into their natural habitat. Biopsies from the skin and shell were subjected to histopathological examination and microbiological analysis. X-ray scanning was also performed to detect changes in the skeletal system. Macroscopic changes of the skin, most frequently degenerative, inflammatory or neoplastic diseases, were diagnosed in 49.33% of the turtles examined. Dermatitis of different origin and form was the most prominent histopathological finding (28.00%). In the plastron, inflammatory and degenerative processes were frequently found. Osteopathy and mechanical injuries were the dominant findings. Macroscopic changes of the plastron, carapace and skeletal system were diagnosed in 67.33% of the turtles examined. Using X-ray scanning, generalised osteopathy, anomalies and malformations of different aetiology were also diagnosed on the tail and legs. Microbiological examinations showed the presence of a variety of bacterial and fungal agents, either primary pathogens or potential polluters, which invaded the skin and shell, or were present in cloacal swab samples. Bacterial infection was diagnosed in 76.66% of the turtles, first of all in those with skin and shell necrosis. Mycoses were diagnosed in 33.33% of the animals.
众所周知，水污染在龟类腹甲、背甲和皮肤疾病的发病机制中起着重要作用。在本研究中，对总共150只来自塞尔维亚自然栖息地、不同年龄和性别的欧洲池龟（Emys orbicularis）进行了皮肤、腹甲、背甲和骨骼系统的形态学变化检查。这些龟从卢达斯湖、帕利奇湖和特雷塞蒂斯湖的自然栖息地捕获。经过人工冬眠后，对它们进行详细检查、采样和治疗，最后放回其自然栖息地。对皮肤和龟壳的活检组织进行了组织病理学检查和微生物学分析。还进行了X射线扫描以检测骨骼系统的变化。在接受检查的龟中，49.33%被诊断出皮肤有宏观变化，最常见的是退行性、炎症性或肿瘤性疾病。不同起源和形式的皮炎是最突出的组织病理学发现（28.00%）。在腹甲中，经常发现炎症和退行性病变。骨病和机械损伤是主要发现。在接受检查的龟中，67.33%被诊断出腹甲、背甲和骨骼系统有宏观变化。通过X射线扫描，还诊断出尾巴和腿部存在各种病因的全身性骨病、异常和畸形。微生物学检查显示存在多种细菌和真菌病原体，它们要么是原发性病原体，要么是潜在污染物，侵入皮肤和龟壳，或者存在于泄殖腔拭子样本中。76.66%的龟被诊断出有细菌感染，首先是那些有皮肤和龟壳坏死的龟。33.33%的动物被诊断出有真菌病。
