Center for Environmental Studies and Research, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 17, Al-Khoud, Muscat, 123, Oman,
Environ Monit Assess. 2014 May;186(5):2701-16. doi: 10.1007/s10661-013-3572-x. Epub 2013 Dec 13.
Treated effluents become one of the most significant sources for irrigation and other activities in arid and semi arid countries such as Oman. This study focuses on characterizing the quality of domestic wastewater in chosen three regions: Muscat, Sohar, and Salalah. The knowledge on treatment processes, quality, and proper management of domestic wastewater reuse for various purposes is essential. Wastewater samples were collected from six different sewage treatment plants (STPs) over a period of 1 year in 2009 on a monthly basis. The raw sewage (RS) and treated effluent (TEs) samples were collected from different sampling points in each STP. Both types of samples were analyzed for physicochemical and microbiological assessment. All tests were conducted according to the standard method for the examination of water and wastewater. The results revealed that the TEs electrical conductivity, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, heavy metals, sodium, potassium, and total dissolved solids values were found within Omani Standards (OS). The RS in all STPs was categorized as high strength concentration and samples exceeded the acceptable range for ammonia in most of the selected plants except Sohar and Salalah. Nitrate values in RS were also observed in higher concentrations. In general, the produced TEs have met most of regulatory limits stated by OS except for nitrate, Escherichia coli and total suspended solids (TSS). Furthermore, it should be noted that the performance of Salalah and Darsayt STPs can be classified as the best compared to the other four STPs studied in Oman.
处理后的废水成为干旱和半干旱国家（如阿曼）灌溉和其他活动的最重要来源之一。本研究侧重于描述选定的三个地区（马斯喀特、苏哈尔和萨拉勒）的生活污水质量。了解处理过程、生活污水质量以及各种目的的生活污水再利用的适当管理是至关重要的。2009 年，在一年的时间里，从六个不同的污水处理厂（STP）每月收集一次废水样本。从每个 STP 的不同采样点收集原污水（RS）和处理后的废水（TEs）样本。对这两种类型的样本进行理化和微生物评估。所有测试均按照水和废水检验的标准方法进行。结果表明，TEs 的电导率、生化需氧量、化学需氧量、重金属、钠、钾和总溶解固体值均在阿曼标准（OS）范围内。所有 STP 的 RS 均被归类为高强度浓度，除了苏哈尔和萨拉勒，大多数选定的工厂的氨值都超过了可接受范围。RS 中的硝酸盐值也观察到较高的浓度。一般来说，除了硝酸盐、大肠杆菌和总悬浮固体（TSS）外，产生的 TEs 符合 OS 规定的大多数监管限制。此外，应该注意的是，与阿曼研究的其他四个 STP 相比，萨拉勒和达赛亚特 STP 的性能可以归类为最佳。
