Penner Louis A, Dovidio John F, Edmondson Donald, Dailey Rhonda K, Markova Tsveti, Albrecht Terrance L, Gaertner Samuel L
Wayne State University, University of Michigan.
Yale University.
J Black Psychol. 2009 May 1;35(2). doi: 10.1177/0095798409333585.
The current study of Black patients focuses on how discrimination contributes to racial disparities in health. The authors used a longitudinal methodology to study how perceived past discrimination affects reactions to medical interactions and adherence to physician recommendations. In addition, they explored whether these reactions and/or adherence mediate the relationship between discrimination and patients' health. The participants in this study were 156 Black patients of low socioeconomic status at a primary care clinic. Patients completed questionnaires on their current health, past adherence, and perceived past discrimination. Then, they saw a physician and rated their reactions to the visit. Four and 16 weeks later they reported on their adherence to physician recommendations and overall health. Perceived discrimination was significantly and negatively associated with patient health, reactions to the physician, and adherence. Path analyses indicated that adherence mediated the relationship between discrimination and patient health, but patient reactions to the interaction did not.
当前对黑人患者的研究聚焦于歧视如何导致健康方面的种族差异。作者采用纵向研究方法来探究过去感知到的歧视如何影响对医疗互动的反应以及对医生建议的依从性。此外，他们还探讨了这些反应和/或依从性是否在歧视与患者健康之间的关系中起中介作用。本研究的参与者是一家初级保健诊所的156名社会经济地位较低的黑人患者。患者完成了关于他们当前健康状况、过去的依从性以及过去感知到的歧视的问卷。然后，他们去看了医生并对此次就诊的反应进行评分。四周和十六周后，他们报告了对医生建议的依从性以及总体健康状况。感知到的歧视与患者健康、对医生的反应以及依从性显著负相关。路径分析表明，依从性在歧视与患者健康之间的关系中起中介作用，但患者对互动的反应并非如此。
