a Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Mental Health Care Line , Houston , TX , USA.
Clin Neuropsychol. 2014;28(1):128-45. doi: 10.1080/13854046.2013.863977. Epub 2013 Dec 19.
Many studies have observed an association between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and cognitive deficits across several domains including memory, attention, and executive functioning. The inclusion of response bias measures in these studies, however, remains largely unaddressed. The purpose of this study was to identify possible cognitive impairments correlated with PTSD in returning OEF/OIF/OND veterans after excluding individuals failing a well-validated performance validity test. Participants included 126 men and 8 women with a history of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) referred for a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation as part of a consortium of five Veterans Affairs hospitals. The PTSD CheckList (PCL) and Word Memory Test (WMT) were used to establish symptoms of PTSD and invalid performance, respectively. Groups were categorized as follows: Control (PCL < 50, pass WMT), PTSD-pass (PCL ≥ 50, pass WMT), and PTSD-fail (PCL ≥ 50, fail WMT). As hypothesized, failure on the WMT was associated with significantly poorer performance on almost all cognitive tests administered; however, no significant differences were detected between individuals with and without PTSD symptoms after separating out veterans failing the WMT. These findings highlight the importance of assessing respondent validity in future research examining cognitive functioning in psychiatric illness and warrant further consideration of prior studies reporting PTSD-associated cognitive deficits.
许多研究观察到创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）与包括记忆、注意力和执行功能在内的多个领域的认知缺陷之间存在关联。然而，这些研究中仍然很大程度上没有解决反应偏差测量的问题。本研究的目的是在排除未能通过经过充分验证的绩效有效性测试的个体后，确定与 PTSD 相关的可能认知障碍，这些个体是返回 OEF/OIF/OND 的退伍军人。参与者包括 126 名男性和 8 名女性，他们有轻度创伤性脑损伤（TBI）的病史，因作为五个退伍军人事务医院联盟的一部分进行全面神经心理评估而被转介。使用 PTSD 检查表（PCL）和单词记忆测试（WMT）分别确定 PTSD 症状和无效表现。将组分为以下几类：对照组（PCL < 50，WMT 通过）、PTSD-通过组（PCL ≥ 50，WMT 通过）和 PTSD-失败组（PCL ≥ 50，WMT 失败）。正如假设的那样，WMT 失败与几乎所有进行的认知测试的表现明显较差相关；然而，在排除了未能通过 WMT 的退伍军人后，没有检测到有和没有 PTSD 症状的个体之间存在差异。这些发现强调了在未来研究中评估反应者有效性的重要性，这些研究检查了精神病患者的认知功能，并需要进一步考虑报告 PTSD 相关认知缺陷的先前研究。
