右美托咪定用于前纵隔肿物计算机断层扫描引导下活检：病例系列
Dexmedetomidine for anterior mediastinal mass computed tomography-guided biopsy: a case series.
作者信息
Carollo Dominic S, Pestieau Sophie, Bosco Richard
机构信息
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, LA.
Division of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC.
出版信息
Ochsner J. 2013 Winter;13(4):541-3.
BACKGROUND
Sedation of children undergoing biopsies of anterior mediastinal masses can be challenging because of the absolute necessity of ensuring minimal smooth muscle relaxation and preventing airway collapse. Furthermore, positive pressure ventilation may be difficult or impossible and may also pose the additional risks of hemodynamic compromise in the pediatric patient.
CASE REPORTS
We present a case series of 3 children who were successfully sedated for computed tomography (CT)-guided mediastinal biopsies with dexmedetomidine.
CONCLUSION
Dexmedetomidine, a selective alpha-2 adrenoreceptor agonist that maintains the smooth musculature of the pediatric airway, provides the ability to sustain spontaneous ventilation in patients with airway compression. Dexmedetomidine is a safe, reliable anesthetic for biopsy of children with anterior mediastinal masses.
背景
对前纵隔肿块进行活检的儿童进行镇静具有挑战性，因为必须确保平滑肌松弛程度最小并防止气道塌陷。此外，正压通气可能困难或无法进行，并且在儿科患者中还可能带来血流动力学受损的额外风险。
病例报告
我们介绍了一系列3例儿童病例，这些儿童在右美托咪定的作用下成功接受了计算机断层扫描（CT）引导下的纵隔活检镇静。
结论
右美托咪定是一种选择性α-2肾上腺素能受体激动剂，可维持小儿气道的平滑肌组织，使气道受压患者能够维持自主通气。右美托咪定是前纵隔肿块患儿活检的一种安全、可靠的麻醉剂。
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