Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
J Psychosom Res. 2014 Jan;76(1):80-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2013.11.008. Epub 2013 Nov 16.
Chronic subjective dizziness (CSD) is a neurotologic disorder of persistent non-vertiginous dizziness, unsteadiness, and hypersensitivity to one's own motion or exposure to complex visual stimuli. CSD usually follows acute attacks of vertigo or dizziness and is thought to arise from patients' failure to re-establish normal locomotor control strategies after resolution of acute vestibular symptoms. Pre-existing anxiety or anxiety diathesis may be risk factors for CSD. This study tested the hypothesis that patients with CSD are more likely than individuals with other chronic neurotologic illnesses to possess anxious, introverted personality traits.
Data were abstracted retrospectively from medical records of 40 patients who underwent multidisciplinary neurotology evaluations for chronic dizziness. Twenty-four subjects had CSD. Sixteen had chronic medical conditions other than CSD plus co-existing anxiety disorders. Group differences in demographics, Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) scores, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores, DSM-IV diagnoses, personality traits measured with the NEO Personality Inventory - Revised (NEO-PI-R), and temperaments composed of NEO-PI-R facets were examined.
There were no differences between groups in demographics, mean DHI or HADS-anxiety scores, or DSM-IV diagnoses. The CSD group had higher mean HADS-depression and NEO-PI-R trait anxiety, but lower NEO-PI-R extraversion, warmth, positive emotions, openness to feelings, and trust (all p<0.05). CSD subjects were significantly more likely than comparison subjects to have a composite temperament of high trait anxiety plus low warmth or excitement seeking.
An anxious, introverted temperament is strongly associated with CSD and may be a risk factor for developing this syndrome.
慢性主观性头晕（CSD）是一种持续性非眩晕性头晕、不稳和对自身运动或复杂视觉刺激敏感的神经耳科疾病。CSD 通常在急性眩晕或头晕发作后出现，被认为是由于患者在急性前庭症状缓解后未能重新建立正常的运动控制策略所致。先前存在的焦虑或焦虑素质可能是 CSD 的危险因素。本研究检验了以下假设：与患有其他慢性神经耳科疾病的个体相比，CSD 患者更有可能具有焦虑、内向的人格特征。
从接受多学科神经耳科评估的 40 名慢性头晕患者的病历中回顾性提取数据。24 名患者患有 CSD，16 名患者患有除 CSD 以外的慢性疾病且同时存在焦虑障碍。比较两组在人口统计学、头晕残障程度评定量表（DHI）评分、医院焦虑和抑郁量表（HADS）评分、DSM-IV 诊断、使用 NEO 人格量表修订版（NEO-PI-R）测量的人格特征以及由 NEO-PI-R 方面组成的气质方面的差异。
两组在人口统计学、平均 DHI 或 HADS 焦虑评分或 DSM-IV 诊断方面无差异。CSD 组的 HADS 抑郁和 NEO-PI-R 特质焦虑评分较高，但 NEO-PI-R 外向性、温暖、积极情绪、情感开放和信任评分较低（均 P<0.05）。CSD 患者比对照组更有可能具有特质焦虑高加温暖或兴奋寻求低的复合气质。
焦虑、内向的气质与 CSD 密切相关，可能是发生这种综合征的危险因素。
