Huljev Dubravko
Klinicka bolnica Sveti Duh, Klinika za kirurgiju, Centar za plasticnu i rekonstruktivnu kirurgiju, Zagreb, Hrvatska.
Acta Med Croatica. 2013 Oct;67 Suppl 1:63-9.
Debridement is the process of removing dead tissue from the wound bed. Devitalized tissue can obstruct or completely stop healing of the wound. The aim of debridement is to transform a chronic wound into an acute wound and to initiate the process of healing. Debridement is the basis of each wound treatment and it has to be repeated, depending on the necrotic tissue formation. There are several types of debridement, as follows: mechanical, autolytic, chemical, enzymatic, biological, and new debridement techniques. With advances in technology, new types of debridement have been introduced. Besides standard methods, methods of pulsed lavage debridement (hydro-surgery, water-jet) and ultrasound-assisted wound treatment are ever more frequently introduced. The method of debridement the clinician will choose depends on the amount of necrotic (devitalized) tissue in the wound bed, size and depth of the wound, underlying disease, possible comorbidity, and the patient general condition. Frequently, the methods of debridement are combined in order to achieve better removal of devitalized tissue. In addition, debridement significantly reduces bacterial burden.
清创术是从伤口床清除坏死组织的过程。失活组织会阻碍或完全阻止伤口愈合。清创术的目的是将慢性伤口转变为急性伤口,并启动愈合过程。清创术是每种伤口治疗的基础,根据坏死组织的形成情况,可能需要重复进行。清创术有以下几种类型:机械清创、自溶性清创、化学清创、酶性清创、生物清创以及新型清创技术。随着技术的进步,新型清创术不断涌现。除了标准方法外,脉冲冲洗清创术(水刀手术、水刀)和超声辅助伤口治疗方法也越来越频繁地被采用。临床医生选择的清创方法取决于伤口床中坏死(失活)组织的量、伤口的大小和深度、基础疾病、可能的合并症以及患者的一般状况。通常,会将多种清创方法结合使用,以便更好地清除失活组织。此外,清创术能显著减轻细菌负荷。