Division of Clinical Research, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Research Center for Animal Hygiene and Food Safety, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan.
Clin Exp Allergy. 2014 Mar;44(3):450-7. doi: 10.1111/cea.12260.
Schizophyllum commune is one of the causative agents of basidiomycosis including disorders such as allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis, allergic fungal sinusitis, and mucoid impaction of bronchi, the incidence of those of which has been increasing. These mycoses are difficult to diagnose because only a limited number of diagnostic tools are currently available. The biggest problem is that no specific antigens of S. commune have been identified to enable serodiagnosis of the disease.
In this study, we attempted to identify a major antigen of S. commune to establish a reliable serodiagnostic method.
We used mass spectrometry to identify an antigen that reacted with the serum of a patient with allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis caused by S. commune. The protein was expressed in Escherichia coli, highly purified, and the patient sera IgG and IgE titres against the protein were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
The protein identified as a major antigen of S. commune was named Sch c 1; it was a homolog of glucoamylase. The IgG and IgE titres against Sch c 1 in patient sera were significantly higher than those in healthy volunteer sera (P < 0.01).
Sch c 1 is recognized by the host immune system of patients as an antigen/allergen. The purified glucoamylase Sch c 1 is a promising candidate antigen for the serodiagnosis of S. commune-induced mycosis.
栓菌是引起包括变态反应性支气管肺真菌病、变态反应性真菌性鼻旁窦炎和支气管黏液嵌塞等疾病的病原菌之一，其发病率呈上升趋势。这些真菌病难以诊断，因为目前仅有有限的诊断工具。最大的问题是，尚未鉴定出栓菌的特定抗原，无法用于疾病的血清学诊断。
本研究旨在鉴定栓菌的主要抗原，以建立可靠的血清学诊断方法。
我们使用质谱法鉴定与由栓菌引起的变态反应性支气管肺真菌病患者血清发生反应的抗原。该蛋白在大肠杆菌中表达、高度纯化，并通过酶联免疫吸附试验测定患者血清 IgG 和 IgE 针对该蛋白的效价。
鉴定为栓菌主要抗原的蛋白命名为 Sch c 1，是葡萄糖淀粉酶的同源物。患者血清中针对 Sch c 1 的 IgG 和 IgE 效价明显高于健康志愿者血清（P < 0.01）。
Sch c 1 被患者的宿主免疫系统识别为抗原/变应原。纯化的葡萄糖淀粉酶 Sch c 1 是栓菌诱导的真菌病血清学诊断的有前途的候选抗原。
