Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Clin Biochem. 2014 Mar;47(4-5):293-9. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2013.12.015. Epub 2013 Dec 27.
High quality human biospecimens, such as tissue, blood, cell derivatives, and associated patient clinical information, are key elements of a scientific infrastructure that supports discovery and identification of molecular biomarkers and diagnostic agents. The goal of most biorepositories is to collect, process, store, and distribute human biospecimen for use in basic, translational and clinical research. A biorepository serving as the central hub provides investigators with an invaluable resource with appropriately examined and characterized biospecimens with associated patient clinical information. Expertise in standardization, quality control, and information technology, and awareness of cutting edge research developments are generally required for biorepository development and management. The availability of low cost whole genome profiles of individual tumors has opened up new possibilities for personalized medicine to deliver the most appropriate treatments to individual patients with minimal toxicity. A biorepository in support of personalized medicine thus requires the highest standards of operation and adequate funding, training and certification. This review provides an overview of the development of an institutional cancer biorepository for clinical research and personalized medicine advancement.
高质量的人类生物标本，如组织、血液、细胞衍生物以及相关的患者临床信息，是支持发现和鉴定分子生物标志物和诊断试剂的科学基础设施的关键要素。大多数生物库的目标是收集、处理、存储和分发人类生物标本，用于基础、转化和临床研究。作为中心枢纽的生物库为研究人员提供了宝贵的资源，其中包含经过适当检查和特征描述的生物标本以及相关的患者临床信息。生物库的开发和管理通常需要标准化、质量控制和信息技术方面的专业知识，以及对前沿研究进展的认识。个体肿瘤的低成本全基因组图谱的出现为个性化医疗提供了新的可能性，即为每个患者提供毒性最小的最适当的治疗方法。因此，支持个性化医疗的生物库需要最高标准的运作和充足的资金、培训和认证。本文综述了为临床研究和个性化医学发展而建立机构癌症生物库的情况。
