[南海北部表层沉积物中的原核生物多样性]

[Prokaryote diversity in the surface sediment of northern South China Sea].

作者信息

Zhang Hao, Wu Houbo, Wang Guanghua, Xiang Wenzhou, Yan Wen

机构信息

Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China.

Key Lab of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute and Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China.

出版信息

Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao. 2013 Sep 4;53(9):915-26.

PMID:24377243

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

In order to investigate the composition and diversity of prokaryotes in marine surface sediment from site XSCS13 at northern South China Sea.

METHOD

We extracted environment total DNA directly from the sediment and amplified 16S rRNA genes from the total DNA, thereby constructing 16S rRNA clone libraries of both archaea and bacteria. Then we selected positive clones randomly from the library and identified them by the method of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). After that, the unique RFLP pattern corresponded sequences were sequenced, BLAST and then constructed into a phylogenetic tree.

RESULTS

Most of the clones were sequences from uncultured microbes. For the Archaea part: the community was mainly comprised of 3 phyla: Crenarchaeota, Thaumarchaeota and Euryarchaeota, among which Crenarchaeota was the dominant class with the percentage of 71%, while Euryarchaeota took the least with only 3 clones. The main group of Crenarchaeota was Marine Group I, taking 61% of all. For the bacteria part, all together 9 phyla were included: 32.6% of Proteobacteria, 3% of Verrucomicrobia, 5.2% of Bacteroidete, 4.44% of Acidobacteria, 6% of Chloroflexi, 3.7% of Firmicute, 5.2% of Planctomycete, 11.1% of Gemmatimonadete and 4.44% of Actinobacteria. Unlike archaea, there's no overwhelming preponderant phylum in bacterium, each phylum was relatively distributed in balanced proportions. Proteobacteria had 3 classes involved: alpha-Proteobacteri, gamma-Proteobacteria and delta-Proteobacteria, and gamma-Proteobacteria stood out with 54.5% of proportion. In addition, over half of all the clones were related to reduction reaction of sulfate and generation of methane.

CONCLUSION

The research indicated that prokaryote diversity in marine surface sediment from site XSCS13 at northern South China Sea was quite plentiful, and a great mass of abundant microbial resources still remained unknown. Furthermore, the community structure of archaea and bacteria showed that the sampling site may be in a cold spring area with abundant methane.

摘要

目的

为研究南海北部XSCS13站点海洋表层沉积物中原核生物的组成和多样性。

方法

我们直接从沉积物中提取环境总DNA，并从总DNA中扩增16S rRNA基因，从而构建古菌和细菌的16S rRNA克隆文库。然后从文库中随机挑选阳性克隆，并通过限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）方法进行鉴定。之后，对独特的RFLP模式对应的序列进行测序、BLAST分析，然后构建系统发育树。

结果

大多数克隆是来自未培养微生物的序列。对于古菌部分：群落主要由3个门组成：泉古菌门、奇古菌门和广古菌门，其中泉古菌门是优势类群，占比71%，而广古菌门最少，只有3个克隆。泉古菌门的主要类群是海洋第一类群，占全部的61%。对于细菌部分，共包括9个门：变形菌门占32.6%，疣微菌门占3%，拟杆菌门占5.2%，酸杆菌门占4.44%，绿弯菌门占6%，厚壁菌门占3.7%，浮霉菌门占5.2%，芽单胞菌门占11.1%，放线菌门占4.44%。与古菌不同，细菌中没有占绝对优势的门，各门类相对分布比例较为均衡。变形菌门涉及3个纲：α-变形菌纲、γ-变形菌纲和δ-变形菌纲，其中γ-变形菌纲占比突出，为54.5%。此外，所有克隆中超过一半与硫酸盐还原反应和甲烷生成有关。