Lin Mei-Hsiang, Huang Sheu-Jen, Shih Whei-Mei Jean, Wang Pao-Yu, Lin Li-Hui, Hsu Hsiu-Chin
Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan E-mail :
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14(11):6451-7. doi: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.11.6451.
Indigenous people who leave their hometowns and move to the city to earn a living became urban aboriginals. During the process of adapting to urban living situations, they may use various coping strategies such as smoking to overcome their stress. Therefore, it is crucial to provide health education including smoking prevention, increasing knowledge regarding of tobacco hazard, self-efficacy of anti-smoking, and adjusting smoking behavior so as to empower their anti-smoking motivation to prevent lung cancer. The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of an anti-smoking program on urban aboriginals in Taiwan.
A quasi-experimental study design with purposeful sampling was employed. A total of 125 aboriginal subjects were recruited from two local churches at Shu Lin area in northern Taiwan. Subjects were divided into an experimental group (n =64 ) and a control group (n = 61). Both took pre-tests in order to set baseline values, and only the experimental group participated for 3-weeks in the anti-smoking program classes. Both groups took post-tests immediately after the intervention in order to evaluate the immediate effects of the teaching program, and a follow-up test was conducted four weeks after the intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way ANCOVA, and repeat measure ANCOVA.
After controlling for confounding variables, the results showed that there were statistically significant differences in the self-efficacy of anti-smoking and smoking behavior between experimental and control groups in the immediately post-test and the follow-up test (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant differences in the recognition of hazards of smoking at eiter time point.
The findings of this study revealed that the anti-smoking program effectively improved self-efficacy of anti-smoking, and decreased the smoking behavior in urban aboriginals. They provide useful information as a reference regarding of aboriginal health promotion to health providers. It is imperative that anti-smoking be reinforced for those regular smokers to prevent induction of lung cancer.
离开家乡到城市谋生的原住民成为了都市原住民。在适应城市生活的过程中，他们可能会采用各种应对策略，如吸烟来缓解压力。因此，提供包括预防吸烟、增加烟草危害知识、戒烟自我效能感以及调整吸烟行为等方面的健康教育，以增强他们的戒烟动机来预防肺癌至关重要。本研究的目的是探讨一项戒烟计划对台湾都市原住民的效果。
采用目的抽样的准实验研究设计。从台湾北部树林地区的两个当地教会招募了125名原住民受试者。受试者被分为实验组（n = 64）和对照组（n = 61）。两组均进行预测试以设定基线值，只有实验组参加了为期3周的戒烟计划课程。两组在干预后立即进行后测试以评估教学计划的即时效果，并在干预后四周进行随访测试。数据采用描述性统计、单因素协方差分析和重复测量协方差分析进行分析。
在控制混杂变量后，结果显示实验组和对照组在即时后测试和随访测试中的戒烟自我效能感和吸烟行为存在统计学上的显著差异（p < 0.05）。然而，在两个时间点的吸烟危害认知方面没有显著差异。
本研究结果表明，戒烟计划有效地提高了都市原住民的戒烟自我效能感，并减少了吸烟行为。它们为健康提供者提供了有关原住民健康促进的有用信息作为参考。必须加强对那些经常吸烟的人的戒烟措施以预防肺癌的诱发。
