Leffler Amanda M, Smith Philip B, de Armas Adriana, Dorman Frank L
The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States.
The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States.
Forensic Sci Int. 2014 Jan;234:50-6. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.08.021. Epub 2013 Sep 19.
Synthetic drugs, often marketed as "legal highs," are entering the drug market at an accelerated pace. Analysis of these "designer drugs" and the determination of their composition are necessary in order to aid law enforcement and also to understand what potential users may be subjected to. Ten synthetic cathinones were identified in 14 separate street samples analyzed utilizing a variety of techniques, including gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (GC-MS) and flame ionization (GC-FID). Additionally, preparatory high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the fractionation of multi-component samples and the use of direct infusion tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) was necessary to identify compounds which were not available as reference materials. These cathinones include 3,4-methylenedioxy pyrovalerone (MDPV), 3,4-methylenedioxy-α-pyrrolidinobutiophenone (MDPBP), 4-fluoromethcathinone (4-FMC), butylone, mephedrone, naphyrone, 4-methylethcathinone (4-MEC), ethcathinone, α-pyrrolidinopentiophenone (α-PVP), and 3-methyl-α-pyrrolidinopropiophenone (3-MPPP). Concentrations of the active compounds varied between samples. For example, MDPV was determined to be the most common cathinone. It was found in five of the 14 samples and ranged from 11% to 73% between samples.
合成药物，通常作为“合法兴奋剂”销售，正以加速的速度进入毒品市场。对这些“设计药物”进行分析并确定其成分，对于协助执法以及了解潜在使用者可能面临的情况很有必要。利用多种技术，包括气相色谱-质谱检测（GC-MS）和火焰离子化（GC-FID），对14个不同的街头样本进行分析，鉴定出了10种合成卡西酮。此外，对于多组分样本的分馏，需要采用制备型高效液相色谱（HPLC），并且使用直接进样串联质谱（MS/MS）来鉴定没有参考物质的化合物。这些卡西酮包括3,4-亚甲基二氧基吡咯戊酮（MDPV）、3,4-亚甲基二氧基-α-吡咯烷丁苯酮（MDPBP）、4-氟甲基卡西酮（4-FMC）、丁酮、甲麻黄碱、萘黄酮、4-甲基乙基卡西酮（4-MEC）、乙基卡西酮、α-吡咯烷戊苯酮（α-PVP）和3-甲基-α-吡咯烷丙苯酮（3-MPPP）。不同样本中活性化合物的浓度各不相同。例如，MDPV被确定为最常见的卡西酮。在14个样本中的5个样本中发现了它，样本间的含量范围为11%至73%。
