Urinary tract infections can be found in either sex at any age. While the majority occur in adult females as acute cystitis, recurrent symptomatic bacteriuria, or asymptomatic bacteriuria, adult males with prostatitis or acute pyelonephritis and children with symptomatic urinary tract infections comprise a considerable portion of patients seen. Management in pregnant females or in males with indwelling catheters or before prostatic surgery presents special problems. The choice of drug and dosage schedule should vary according to the infecting agent and the clinical state of the patient.
尿路感染在任何年龄的男性和女性中都可能发生。虽然大多数病例表现为成年女性的急性膀胱炎、复发性症状性菌尿或无症状菌尿，但患有前列腺炎或急性肾盂肾炎的成年男性以及有症状性尿路感染的儿童也占了相当一部分就诊患者。孕妇、留置导尿管的男性或前列腺手术前的患者的治疗存在特殊问题。药物的选择和给药方案应根据感染病原体和患者的临床状况而有所不同。
