García-Cortés L A, Legarra A, Toro M A
Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain.
J Anim Breed Genet. 2014 Apr;131(2):97-104. doi: 10.1111/jbg.12076. Epub 2014 Jan 8.
The genetic relationship among individuals at one locus is characterized by nine coefficients of identity. The coefficients of inbreeding, coancestry and dominance (or fraternity) are just linear functions of them. Here, it is shown how they can be estimated using biallelic and triallelic markers using the method of moments, and comparisons are made with other methods based on molecular coancestry or molecular covariance. It is concluded that in the general case of dominance and inbreeding with biallelic markers, only the coefficients of inbreeding and coancestry can be estimated, but neither the single coefficients of identity nor the coefficient of dominance can be estimated. More than two alleles are required for a full estimation as illustrated with the triallelic situation.
一个基因座上个体间的遗传关系由九个同一性系数来表征。近交系数、共同祖先系数和显性（或兄弟关系）系数只是它们的线性函数。本文展示了如何使用双等位基因和三等位基因标记，通过矩估计法对这些系数进行估计，并与基于分子共同祖先或分子协方差的其他方法进行了比较。得出的结论是，在双等位基因标记存在显性和近交的一般情况下，只能估计近交系数和共同祖先系数，而无法估计单个同一性系数和显性系数。如三等位基因情况所示，需要两个以上的等位基因才能进行全面估计。
