Hori Kazuhiro, Taniguchi Hiroshige, Hayashi Hirokazu, Magara Jin, Minagi Yoshitomo, Li Qiang, Ono Takahiro, Inoue Makoto
Division of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata, Japan.
Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry Suita, Japan.
Physiol Rep. 2013 Nov;1(6):e00167. doi: 10.1002/phy2.167. Epub 2013 Nov 29.
The tongue is important for orofacial movements, including swallowing. Although numerous studies have focused on tongue pressure against the palate, its physiological role has not been fully evaluated. The tongue pressure generation may have the temporal coordination with the swallowing relational organs. The aim of this study was to clarify the physiological mechanisms of tongue pressure and to investigate the temporal relationship among tongue pressure, supra-hyoid muscle activity, and videofluorographic (VF) images during swallowing. Fifteen healthy young subjects participated. Tongue pressure measured using a sensor sheet with five channels, electromyographic EMG, and VF was recorded synchronously during 4-ml barium swallowing. Swallowing behavior in VF images with and without the sensor sheet was compared. Furthermore, the temporal relationship between events measured from tongue pressure, EMG, and VF was evaluated. Swallowing behavior on VF images was not affected by placement of the sensor sheet. Tongue pressure at the posterio-lateral point of the hard palate tended to have biphasic peaks. Tongue pressure production with a monophasic pattern appeared during the same period as the second peak in the biphasic pattern. The onset of tongue pressure was later than the start of hyoid movement and onset of EMG, and offset was observed between the hyoid at the up-forward position and reposition. Onset of tongue pressure at the anterior area was correlated with the start of slight hyoid elevation. Offset of tongue pressure at the posterio-lateral points was strongly time locked with the hyoid at the up-forward position. The present results suggested the temporal coordination of tongue pressure generation with the swallowing-related organs. That is, the tongue pressure was produced for bolus propulsion, and was closely related to hyoid movement temporally during swallowing. These results may contribute to clarify the clinical state with the disorder of tongue kinetics.
舌头对于包括吞咽在内的口面部运动很重要。尽管众多研究聚焦于舌头对上颚的压力，但其生理作用尚未得到充分评估。舌头压力的产生可能与吞咽相关器官存在时间上的协调。本研究的目的是阐明舌头压力的生理机制，并研究吞咽过程中舌头压力、舌骨上肌群活动和视频荧光造影（VF）图像之间的时间关系。15名健康的年轻受试者参与了研究。在吞咽4毫升钡剂期间，同步记录使用具有五个通道的传感器片测量的舌头压力、肌电图（EMG）和VF。比较了有无传感器片时VF图像中的吞咽行为。此外，还评估了从舌头压力、EMG和VF测量的事件之间的时间关系。VF图像上的吞咽行为不受传感器片放置的影响。硬腭后外侧点的舌头压力往往有双相峰值。单相模式的舌头压力产生出现在双相模式中第二个峰值的同一时期。舌头压力的开始晚于舌骨运动的开始和EMG的开始，并且在舌骨处于向上向前位置和复位之间观察到偏移。前部区域舌头压力的开始与舌骨轻微抬高的开始相关。后外侧点舌头压力的偏移与处于向上向前位置的舌骨紧密时间锁定。目前的结果表明舌头压力产生与吞咽相关器官存在时间上的协调。也就是说，舌头压力是为了推动食团而产生的，并且在吞咽过程中在时间上与舌骨运动密切相关。这些结果可能有助于阐明舌头运动功能障碍的临床状态。
