Kida H, Kawaoka Y, Naeve C W, Webster R G
Virology. 1987 Jul;159(1):109-19. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(87)90353-9.
The hemagglutinins of H3 influenza viruses isolated from migratory ducks on the Pacific flyway in Japan during the period 1977 to 1985 were analyzed antigenically and genetically. Antigenic analysis using monoclonal antibodies to the hemagglutinins of A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) and A/duck/Hokkaido/8/80 (H3N8) viruses showed that antigenic drift occurred extensively in human strains, whereas the hemagglutinins of duck viruses were highly conserved. It was also found that the hemagglutinins of duck viruses were antigenically closely related to that of human 1968 H3 prototype strains. Nucleotide sequence analysis of seven duck H3 hemagglutinin genes showed a limited number of changes among the six duck isolates and between these duck isolates and Aichi/68. The deduced amino acid sequence revealed amino acid changes randomly distributed throughout the molecule and not confined to antigenic sites. These findings indicate that the duck virus hemagglutinin genes are conserved in nature and that viruses of different lineages cocirculate.
对1977年至1985年期间在日本太平洋迁徙路线上从候鸟鸭分离出的H3流感病毒的血凝素进行了抗原性和基因分析。使用针对A/爱知/2/68（H3N2）和A/鸭/北海道/8/80（H3N8）病毒血凝素的单克隆抗体进行的抗原分析表明，人类毒株中广泛发生了抗原漂移，而鸭病毒的血凝素高度保守。还发现鸭病毒的血凝素与人类1968年H3原型毒株的血凝素在抗原性上密切相关。对七个鸭H3血凝素基因的核苷酸序列分析表明，六个鸭分离株之间以及这些鸭分离株与爱知/68之间的变化数量有限。推导的氨基酸序列显示氨基酸变化随机分布在整个分子中，并不局限于抗原位点。这些发现表明鸭病毒血凝素基因在本质上是保守的，并且不同谱系的病毒共同传播。
