Cai Haiying, Li Yang, Zhang Hui, Feng Fengqin
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao. 2013 Sep;29(9):1201-13.
It has become a hotspot and keystone in gene engineering and bioengineering to produce recombinant proteins through heterologous expression systems. Unfortunately, not all the genes could be successfully and effectively expressed in heterologous hosts. The role of gene itself in regulating translation process through its intrinsic sequence characteristics such as codon bias, codon pair bias, GC content, mRNA secondary structure and mRNA stability, has been gradually elucidated. Here we review these factors that influence the translation processes and their corresponding optimization methods in the process of gene design. We emphatically discussed codon bias and codon pair bias and their optimization methods. In particular, the latest theories of codon harmonization and codon pair harmonization were discussed and compared with the traditional codon and codon pair optimization strategies in gene design.
通过异源表达系统生产重组蛋白已成为基因工程和生物工程中的一个热点和关键领域。不幸的是，并非所有基因都能在异源宿主中成功且有效地表达。基因自身通过其内在序列特征（如密码子偏好性、密码子对偏好性、GC含量、mRNA二级结构和mRNA稳定性）在调节翻译过程中所起的作用已逐渐被阐明。在此，我们综述了在基因设计过程中影响翻译过程的这些因素及其相应的优化方法。我们着重讨论了密码子偏好性和密码子对偏好性及其优化方法。特别是，讨论了密码子协调和密码子对协调的最新理论，并将其与基因设计中的传统密码子和密码子对优化策略进行了比较。
