White Ginger, Caine Kelly, Connelly Kay, Selove Rebecca, Doub Tom
School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States.
Interact J Med Res. 2014 Jan 10;3(1):e2. doi: 10.2196/ijmr.2368.
The consumer health technologies used by patients on a daily basis can be effectively leveraged to assist them in the treatment of depression. However, because treatment for depression is a collaborative endeavor, it is important to understand health practitioners' perspectives on the benefits, drawbacks, and design of such technologies.
The objective of this research was to understand how patients and health practitioners can effectively and successfully influence the design of consumer health treatment technologies for treating patients with depression.
A group of 10 health practitioners participated in individual semistructured contextual interviews at their offices. Health practitioners rated an a priori identified list of depression indicators using a 7-point Likert scale and generated a list of depression indicators. Finally, health practitioners were asked to rate the perceived usefulness of an a priori identified list of depression treatment technologies using a 7-point Likert scale.
Of the 10 health practitioners interviewed, 5 (50%) were mental health practitioners, 3 (30%) nurses, and 2 (20%) general practitioners. A total of 29 unique depression indicators were generated by the health practitioners. These indicators were grouped into 5 high-level categories that were identified by the research team and 2 clinical experts: (1) daily and social functioning, (2) medication, (3) nutrition and physical activity, (4) demographics and environment, and (5) suicidal thoughts. These indicators represent opportunities for designing technologies to support health practitioners who treat patients with depression. The interviews revealed nuances of the different health practitioners' clinical practices and also barriers to using technology to guide the treatment of depression. These barriers included (1) technology that did not fit within the current practice or work infrastructure, (2) technology that would not benefit the current treatment process, (3) patients forgetting to use the technology, and (4) patients not being able to afford the technology.
In order to be successful in the treatment of depression, consumer health treatment technologies must address health practitioners' technology concerns early on in the design phase, account for the various types of health practitioners, treatment methods, and clinical practices, and also strive to seamlessly integrate traditional and nontraditional depression indicators within various health practitioners' clinical practices.
患者日常使用的消费者健康技术可有效用于协助他们治疗抑郁症。然而，由于抑郁症治疗是一项协作性工作，了解医疗从业者对这类技术的益处、缺点及设计的看法很重要。
本研究的目的是了解患者和医疗从业者如何有效且成功地影响用于治疗抑郁症患者的消费者健康治疗技术的设计。
一组10名医疗从业者在其办公室参加了个人半结构化情境访谈。医疗从业者使用7点李克特量表对预先确定的抑郁症指标清单进行评分，并生成了一份抑郁症指标清单。最后，要求医疗从业者使用7点李克特量表对预先确定的抑郁症治疗技术清单的感知有用性进行评分。
在接受访谈的10名医疗从业者中，5名（50%）是心理健康从业者，3名（30%）是护士，2名（20%）是全科医生。医疗从业者共生成了29个独特的抑郁症指标。这些指标被分为由研究团队和2名临床专家确定的5个高级类别：（1）日常和社交功能，（2）药物治疗，（3）营养和身体活动，（4）人口统计学和环境，以及（5）自杀念头。这些指标代表了设计技术以支持治疗抑郁症患者的医疗从业者的机会。访谈揭示了不同医疗从业者临床实践的细微差别以及使用技术指导抑郁症治疗的障碍。这些障碍包括：（1）不符合当前实践或工作基础设施的技术，（2）对当前治疗过程无益处的技术，（3）患者忘记使用技术，以及（4）患者无力承担技术费用。
为了成功治疗抑郁症，消费者健康治疗技术必须在设计阶段尽早解决医疗从业者对技术的担忧，考虑各类医疗从业者、治疗方法和临床实践，并且努力在各类医疗从业者的临床实践中无缝整合传统和非传统的抑郁症指标。
