Ramwell Carmel T, Kah Melanie, Johnson Paul D
Fera, Sand Hutton, York, UK.
Pest Manag Sci. 2014 Dec;70(12):1823-30. doi: 10.1002/ps.3724. Epub 2014 Mar 20.
It is necessary to understand the extent to which different sources of pesticides contribute to surface water contamination in order to focus preventive measures appropriately. The extent to which glyphosate use in the home and garden sector may contribute to surface water contamination has not previously been quantified. The aim of this study was to quantify the widely used herbicide glyphosate and its degradation product aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in surface water drains (storm drains) that could be attributed to amateur, non-professional usage alone.
Maximum glyphosate and AMPA concentrations in surface water drains were 8.99 and 1.15 µg L(-1) respectively after the first rain event following the main application period, but concentrations rapidly declined to <1.5 and <0.5 µg L(-1) . The AMPA:glyphosate ratio was typically 0.35. Less than 1% of the applied glyphosate was recovered in drain water.
Glyphosate and AMPA losses from urban areas that arise solely from amateur usage have been quantified. In spite of overdosing occurring, glyphosate concentrations in drain flow were lower than concentrations reported elsewhere from professional use in urban areas.
为了合理地采取预防措施，有必要了解不同农药来源对地表水造成污染的程度。此前，家庭和园艺领域使用草甘膦对地表水造成污染的程度尚未得到量化。本研究的目的是对地表排水渠（雨水排放渠）中广泛使用的除草剂草甘膦及其降解产物氨甲基膦酸（AMPA）进行量化，且这些仅归因于业余、非专业使用情况。
在主要施用期后的首次降雨事件后，地表排水渠中草甘膦和AMPA的最高浓度分别为8.99和1.15微克/升，但浓度迅速下降至<1.5和<0.5微克/升。AMPA与草甘膦的比例通常为0.35。排水水中回收的草甘膦不到施用草甘膦量的1%。
已对仅因业余使用而导致城市地区草甘膦和AMPA的流失量进行了量化。尽管存在过量施用的情况，但排水流中的草甘膦浓度低于其他地方报道的城市地区专业使用的浓度。
