STAT2 phosphorylation and signaling.

STAT2 is an essential transcription factor in type I IFN mediated anti-viral and anti-proliferative signaling. STAT2 function is regulated by tyrosine phosphorylation, which is the trigger for STAT-dimerization, subsequent nuclear translocation, and transcriptional activation of IFN stimulated genes. Evidence of additional STAT2 phosphorylation sites has emerged as well as novel roles for STAT2 separate from the classical ISGF3-signaling. This review aims to summarize knowledge of phosphorylation-mediated STAT2-regulation and future avenues of related STAT2 research.