Department of Genetics and Human Variation, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.
Theor Appl Genet. 1973 Jan;43(6):261-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00277786.
Genetic heterogeneity in populations of D. melanogaster has been described for resistance to long-term exposure to CO2 (4 to 5 hours). Crosses between inbred strains, and between strains set up from single inseminated females collected in the wild show the importance of additive genes. Genetic activity for resistance and sensitivity was found on the X, 2 and 3 chromosomes.The mechanism of resistance was shown to be an anoxia effect since the effect of an N2 atmosphere was the same as that of CO2. A study of 18 strains collected in the wild revealed a positive correlation between metabolic rate as measured by O2 uptake and mortality under CO2, and negative correlations were found between body weight, and both mortality under CO2 and metabolic rate. These results are consistent with an anoxia effect. A further variable correlated with body weight is resistance to desiccation. Thus the anoxia effect is correlated with factors determining the distribution of the species in the wild.
黑腹果蝇种群对长期暴露于 CO2（4 至 5 小时）的抗性存在遗传异质性。近交系之间以及从野外采集的单个授精雌蝇建立的品系之间的杂交表明，加性基因很重要。抗性和敏感性的遗传活性位于 X、2 和 3 号染色体上。研究表明，抗性的机制是缺氧效应，因为 N2 大气的作用与 CO2 的作用相同。对在野外收集的 18 个品系的研究表明，用 O2 摄取量衡量的代谢率与 CO2 下的死亡率之间存在正相关，而体重与 CO2 下的死亡率和代谢率之间存在负相关。这些结果与缺氧效应一致。与体重相关的另一个变量是对干燥的抵抗力。因此，缺氧效应与决定物种在野外分布的因素有关。
