Sarkar Saurav
Calcutta Medical College, Kolkata, India.
Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2013 Dec;65(Suppl 3):455-60. doi: 10.1007/s12070-012-0534-5. Epub 2012 Mar 22.
The history of myringoplasty and tympanoplasty is one of the most interesting in the history of ear surgery. The aims and ambitions of otologists have evolved along with time and experience. The objective of this article is to give an idea about the evolution of tympanoplasty, thus giving inspiration to future surgeons in their quest for a perfect technique which would be as good as a normal ear and its hearing. The history of otology starts from the early Egyptian healers. Hippocrates in his time observed that ear infections may be cause of death especially in young children. Early surgeries were performed mainly for drainage in order to save the life of the child having the ear disease. With time and scientific developments newer methods of treatment started to evolve. The invention of antimicrobials and their usage threw a new light into the treatment of otology infections. Then after the advent of microscope and with better understanding of the anatomy and physiology of ear and its diseases treatment strategies and surgical planning kept on advancing. Surgeons with time have become more interested in returning back the hearing along with curing infection from ear. But the quest is on for the perfect surgical technique which would give best results with minimal maneuvering. History of tympanoplasty nearly sums up the history of evolution of otology as a whole. The quest is still on to devise a way so as to give maximum post-operative hearing using minimal instrumentation.
鼓膜成形术和鼓室成形术的历史是耳部手术历史中最有趣的部分之一。耳科医生的目标和抱负随着时间和经验不断演变。本文的目的是介绍鼓室成形术的发展历程，从而为未来的外科医生在追求一种能达到正常耳朵及其听力水平的完美技术时提供灵感。耳科学的历史始于早期的埃及治疗者。希波克拉底在他那个时代观察到耳部感染可能是死亡原因，尤其是在幼儿中。早期手术主要是为了引流，以挽救患有耳部疾病儿童的生命。随着时间推移和科学发展，新的治疗方法开始出现。抗菌药物的发明及其应用为耳科感染的治疗带来了新曙光。在显微镜出现后，随着对耳朵解剖学和生理学及其疾病的更好理解，治疗策略和手术规划不断进步。随着时间推移，外科医生对恢复听力以及治愈耳部感染越来越感兴趣。但人们仍在追求一种完美的手术技术，这种技术能用最少的操作获得最佳效果。鼓膜成形术的历史几乎概括了整个耳科学的发展历程。人们仍在努力设计一种方法，以便用最少的器械实现最大程度的术后听力恢复。
