Ruston Teresa, Hunter Kathleen, Cummings Greta, Lazarescu Adriana
Royal Alexandra Hospital, Alberta Thoracic Oncology Program/Chest Medicine Clinic, Room 4505 Children's Centre, Royal Alexandra Hospital, 10240 Kingsway Ave., Edmonton, AB T5H 3V9.
Faculty of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Nursing Level 3, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 11405 87 Ave., University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G C9.
Can Oncol Nurs J. 2013 Autumn;23(4):236-46. doi: 10.5737/1181912x234236240.
Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is a side effect of opioid therapy that can affect quality of life, adherence to treatment, and morbidity and possibly mortality.
To investigate whether docusate sodium, sennosides, and lactulose have equal efficacy and side effect profiles compared to PEG in the management of OIC in adults.
A systematic review was undertaken. Randomized controlled trials of adults taking opioids for cancer or non-cancer pain were considered if they met inclusion criteria.
Statistical pooling was not possible as no studies met inclusion criteria. Large, well-powered, randomized controlled trials are feasible. Standard definitions of OIC would assist with the execution of these studies and contribute to their internal and external validity. Further research is strongly encouraged.
阿片类药物引起的便秘（OIC）是阿片类药物治疗的一种副作用，可影响生活质量、治疗依从性以及发病率，甚至可能影响死亡率。
研究在成人OIC的管理中，与聚乙二醇（PEG）相比，多库酯钠、番泻苷和乳果糖是否具有相同的疗效和副作用。
进行了一项系统评价。纳入符合纳入标准的、服用阿片类药物治疗癌症或非癌症疼痛的成人随机对照试验。
由于没有研究符合纳入标准，因此无法进行统计汇总。大规模、有充分统计学效力的随机对照试验是可行研究。OIC的标准定义将有助于这些研究的实施，并提高其内部和外部效度。强烈鼓励进一步开展研究。
