Culkin D J, Wheeler J S, Marsans R E, Nam S I, Canning J R
Urology. 1987 Sep;30(3):229-31. doi: 10.1016/0090-4295(87)90240-8.
Urinary diversion for palliation of metastatic ureteral obstruction has been associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, especially with open surgical nephrostomies. An evaluation of percutaneous nephrostomy drainage for the palliation of metastatic ureteral obstruction in 27 patients revealed an increase in survival with decreased morbidity, and a follow-up ranging from three to twenty-five months. The mean survival of all patients was 6.63 months (N = 19), with 8 patients still alive. The histology was the main determinant of length of survival, with prostate, rectal, and cervical cancer patients surviving the longest. The perioperative mortality was 11.1 per cent (3/27), and the postoperative complications consisted of hemorrhage requiring transfusion 29.6 per cent (8/27), gastrointestinal bleeding 3.7 per cent (1/27), and dislodged nephrostomy tubes 44.4 per cent (12/27). Percutaneous nephrostomy drainage is a less morbid procedure than open surgical procedures, and the main determinant of length of survival is the histology of the primary tumor in patients with metastatic ureteral obstruction.
转移性输尿管梗阻的姑息性尿流改道术与高发病率和死亡率相关，尤其是开放性手术肾造瘘术。对27例转移性输尿管梗阻患者进行经皮肾造瘘引流术的评估发现，患者生存率提高，发病率降低，随访时间为3至25个月。所有患者的平均生存期为6.63个月（N = 19），8例患者仍存活。组织学是生存时间的主要决定因素，前列腺癌、直肠癌和宫颈癌患者存活时间最长。围手术期死亡率为11.1%（3/27），术后并发症包括需要输血的出血29.6%（8/27）、胃肠道出血3.7%（1/27）和肾造瘘管移位44.4%（12/27）。经皮肾造瘘引流术比开放性手术的发病率更低，转移性输尿管梗阻患者生存时间的主要决定因素是原发肿瘤的组织学类型。
