Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria, Egypt.
Theor Appl Genet. 1972 Jan;42(4):174-80. doi: 10.1007/BF00280794.
The effects of gamma irradiation and EMS seed treatment on the genetic properties of pure line and hybrid wheat populations were measured. Two hundred lines were derived from each mutagenic treatment of each genetic source and, together with their control materials, were assayed for heading date, plant height, spike length, and kernel weight in a replicated field experiment.Both mutagens induced significant genetic variability for the four traits in either 'Giza 150' or 'Sonora 64', two pure cultivars, but neither was effective in increasing the genetic variation in their hybrid background. The relative magnitude of induced variation compared with that from hybridization depended on the particular mutagen and attribute and averaged less than 50% of that from hybridization. Heritabilities and expected genetic gains were not much lower in mutagenic populations than in hybrid populations. The relative distributions of the variance components among families and within families, and the estimates of the genetic correlations in the various populations, indicated that induced mutations were somewhat similar in nature to the variation released from hybridization. The induced variation was not accompanied by any shift in the population mean and, in most cases, variation was equally distributed around the population mean.
研究了γ射线辐照和 EMS 种子处理对纯系和杂交小麦群体遗传特性的影响。从每个遗传源的每种诱变处理中获得了 200 条品系，并在重复田间试验中对抽穗期、株高、穗长和千粒重进行了测定。两种诱变剂都能显著提高“Giza 150”或“Sonora 64”两个纯系品种的四个性状的遗传变异性，但在其杂种背景下都不能有效增加遗传变异。与杂交引起的变异相比，诱导变异的相对幅度取决于特定的诱变剂和性状，平均不到杂交引起的变异的 50%。诱变群体的遗传力和预期遗传增益并不比杂交群体低多少。家庭间和家庭内方差分量的相对分布以及各种群体中遗传相关性的估计表明，诱导突变在性质上与杂交释放的变异有些相似。诱导的变异并没有伴随着群体平均值的任何偏移，而且在大多数情况下，变异在群体平均值周围均匀分布。
