Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; IMARES - Institute for Marine Resources & Ecosystem Studies, Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 68, 1970 AB IJmuiden, The Netherlands.
Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; IMARES - Institute for Marine Resources & Ecosystem Studies, Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 68, 1970 AB IJmuiden, The Netherlands.
Environ Pollut. 2014 Apr;187:49-54. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.12.013. Epub 2014 Jan 16.
It is often assumed that ingestion of microplastics by aquatic species leads to increased exposure to plastic additives. However, experimental data or model based evidence is lacking. Here we assess the potential of leaching of nonylphenol (NP) and bisphenol A (BPA) in the intestinal tracts of Arenicola marina (lugworm) and Gadus morhua (North Sea cod). We use a biodynamic model that allows calculations of the relative contribution of plastic ingestion to total exposure of aquatic species to chemicals residing in the ingested plastic. Uncertainty in the most crucial parameters is accounted for by probabilistic modeling. Our conservative analysis shows that plastic ingestion by the lugworm yields NP and BPA concentrations that stay below the lower ends of global NP and BPA concentration ranges, and therefore are not likely to constitute a relevant exposure pathway. For cod, plastic ingestion appears to be a negligible pathway for exposure to NP and BPA.
人们通常认为，水生生物摄入微塑料会导致更多地接触到塑料添加剂。然而，目前缺乏相关的实验数据或基于模型的证据。在这里，我们评估了壬基酚（NP）和双酚 A（BPA）在海洋多毛环节动物（泥螺）和北大西洋鳕鱼（北方鳕鱼）肠道中浸出的可能性。我们使用了一种生物动力学模型，该模型可以计算出摄入塑料对水生生物接触存在于摄入塑料中的化学物质的总暴露量的相对贡献。通过概率建模来考虑最关键参数的不确定性。我们的保守分析表明，泥螺摄入塑料产生的 NP 和 BPA 浓度低于全球 NP 和 BPA 浓度范围的低端，因此不太可能构成相关的暴露途径。对于鳕鱼，摄入塑料似乎是接触 NP 和 BPA 的一种可以忽略不计的途径。
