MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia.
Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia.
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2014 Jun;30:45-54. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.01.003. Epub 2014 Jan 17.
Microtubules are dynamic polymers of tubulin subunits that underpin many essential cellular processes, such as cell division and migration. Spermatogenesis is the process by which spermatogenic stem cells undergo mitotic and meiotic division and differentiation to produce streamlined spermatozoa capable of motility and fertilization. This review summarizes the current knowledge of microtubule-based processes in spermatogenesis. We describe the involvement of microtubule dynamics in Sertoli cell shape and function, as well as in the mitotic and meiotic division of germ cells. The roles of microtubules in sperm head shaping, via the development and function of the manchette, and in sperm flagella development are also discussed. The review brings together data from microscopy studies and genetically modified mouse models, and reveals that the regulation of microtubule dynamics is essential for male fertility.
微管是由微管蛋白亚基组成的动态聚合物，为许多基本的细胞过程提供支持，如细胞分裂和迁移。精子发生是指精原干细胞经历有丝分裂和减数分裂以及分化，产生具有运动和受精能力的流线型精子的过程。本文综述了精子发生中基于微管的过程的最新知识。我们描述了微管动力学在支持细胞的形态和功能以及生殖细胞的有丝分裂和减数分裂中的参与。还讨论了微管在精子头部形成中的作用，通过顶体囊的发育和功能，以及在精子鞭毛发育中的作用。该综述汇集了显微镜研究和基因修饰小鼠模型的数据，揭示了微管动力学的调节对男性生育力至关重要。
