运用以问题为基础的学习提升医学生的社会心理能力。

Using problem-based learning to enhance the psychosocial competence of medical students.

机构信息

Department of Ambulatory Care and Prevention, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

出版信息

Acad Psychiatry. 1996 Jun;20(2):65-75. doi: 10.1007/BF03341552.

DOI:10.1007/BF03341552

PMID:24442626

Abstract

This article provides an overview of adult learning principles and reviews their applicability and effectiveness in enhancing learner acquisition of psychosocial competencies. It presents a brief critique of traditional models of teaching medical students, reviews general principles of adult learning, describes the method of problem-based learning (PBL), summarizes data about outcomes of PBL, and suggests mechanisms through which PBL may enhance psychosocial learning. The author emphasizes the roles of small group interaction, exposure to diverse viewpoints, integrated presentation of psychosocial issues in cases, learning to adapt to uncertainty, and similarities with the process of psychotherapy as possible mediators for enhanced psychosocial learning through PBL.

摘要

本文概述了成人学习原则，并回顾了它们在提高学习者心理社会能力方面的适用性和有效性。本文简要批评了传统的医学生教学模式，回顾了成人学习的一般原则，描述了基于问题的学习（PBL）方法，总结了 PBL 结果的数据，并提出了 PBL 可能增强心理社会学习的机制。作者强调了小组成员互动、接触不同观点、在病例中综合呈现心理社会问题、学会适应不确定性以及与心理治疗过程的相似性等可能通过 PBL 促进心理社会学习的中介作用。