[Vascular cannulation and hemodynamic monitoring for cardiac and thoracic vascular surgery - a review].

Cardiac surgery requires cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with extracorporeal circulation (ECC) for intracardiac procedures. The surgical strategy determines access for monitoring and insertion sites with high-flow cannulas. The perioperative care of cardiac surgical patients requires adequate hemodynamic monitoring for reasonable catecholamine therapy and fluid management. Therefore, the knowledge of the vascular anatomy is essential to provide professional care to patients undergoing ECC during thoracic vascular and cardiac surgery. This article is a review of hemodynamic monitoring and access for ECC in patients for adult cardiac surgery for anaesthesiologists and intensivists.