Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Laboratório de Ictiologia; Av. Nazaré, 481, 04263-000, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
J Fish Biol. 2014 Feb;84(2):314-27. doi: 10.1111/jfb.12285. Epub 2014 Jan 22.
Ituglanis australis new species, is described from tributaries of the Laguna dos Patos and Río Uruguay, in Brazil and Uruguay. This represents the southernmost record of the genus and the first occurrence of a species of Ituglanis in those systems. It is distinguished from all its congeners, except Ituglanis parahybae and Ituglanis cahyensis, by its body pigmentation with three well-defined dark brown stripes running along each flank. Ituglanis australis differs from I. parahybae and I. cahyensis in the pectoral- and pelvic-fin ray counts, the pattern of the cephalic laterosensory system and the number of dorsal-fin basal radials. The new species, as well as several other examined congeners, has the levator internus IV muscle attached to the dorsal face of the posttemporo-supracleithrum; a condition that corroborates the inclusion of Ituglanis into a large trichomycterine clade that also includes Bullockia, Hatcheria, Scleronema and several species of Trichomycterus. Previous proposals of the affinities within Ituglanis are reviewed and, despite some advances, the phylogenetic relationships among species of the genus remain largely unknown.
新物种伊图格兰尼斯澳瑞塔利斯（Ituglanis australis）产于巴西和乌拉圭的拉古纳多斯帕托斯（Laguna dos Patos）和乌拉圭河（Río Uruguay）的支流。这是该属在南半球的首次记录，也是伊图格兰尼斯属在这些水系中的首次出现。它与除伊图格兰尼斯帕拉伊巴（Ituglanis parahybae）和伊图格兰尼斯卡亚尼斯（Ituglanis cahyensis）以外的所有近缘种不同，其身体上有三条明显的深棕色条纹，沿着每侧延伸。伊图格兰尼斯澳瑞塔利斯与伊图格兰尼斯帕拉伊巴和伊图格兰尼斯卡亚尼斯的区别在于胸鳍和腹鳍鳍条的数量、头部侧感觉系统的模式和背鳍基辐射的数量。新物种以及其他几种被检查的近缘种，其内直肌 IV 附着在后颞上棘-上匙骨的背面；这种情况证实了将伊图格兰尼斯归入一个包括 Bullockia、Hatcheria、Scleronema 和几种 Trichomycterus 在内的大型 trichomycterine 进化枝的观点。回顾了以前对伊图格兰尼斯亲缘关系的提议，尽管取得了一些进展，但该属种之间的系统发育关系仍知之甚少。
