Fernández-Cano María Isabel, Armadans-Gil Lluís, Alvarez-Bartolomé Mercedes, Rodrigo-Pendás José Ángel, Campins-Martí Magda
Departamento de Enfermería, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, España.
Servicio de Medicina Preventiva y Epidemiología, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2014 Dec;32(10):638-42. doi: 10.1016/j.eimc.2013.11.006. Epub 2014 Jan 19.
Pertussis incidence has increased in recent years in countries with high vaccination coverage. The aim of this study was to determine the health impact of pertussis in Spain in the period 1997-2011 in relation to hospitalizations, mortality, and associated costs.
We retrospectively analyzed hospital discharges included in the Minimum Data Set (MDS) in Spain for the period 1997-2011, with a primary or secondary diagnosis related to pertussis. We calculated incidence rates of hospitalization for pertussis (per 100,000) per year, by age group and by Autonomous Region, along with the mortality and lethality rates.
A total of 8,331 hospital discharges with a diagnosis of pertussis were recorded in Spain between 1997 and 2011. The overall incidence of pertussis hospitalizations was 1.3 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. The large majority (92%) of hospitalizations occurred in children under one year of age, with an incidence of 115.2 hospitalizations per 100,000. There were 47 deaths, 37 (79%) in the group of children under 1 year and 6 (13%) in the group older than 65 years. The estimated cost of hospitalization for pertussis was 1,841 euros.
The epidemiology of severe cases of pertussis, and its clinical and economic impact, confirms the need to modify the vaccination strategies for Spain to achieve more effective control in the most vulnerable groups.
近年来，在疫苗接种覆盖率高的国家，百日咳发病率有所上升。本研究的目的是确定1997年至2011年期间西班牙百日咳对住院、死亡率及相关费用的健康影响。
我们回顾性分析了西班牙1997年至2011年期间纳入最小数据集（MDS）的医院出院记录，这些记录的主要或次要诊断与百日咳相关。我们计算了每年按年龄组和自治区划分的百日咳住院发病率（每10万人），以及死亡率和致死率。
1997年至2011年期间，西班牙共记录了8331例诊断为百日咳的医院出院病例。百日咳住院的总体发病率为每10万居民1.3例。绝大多数（92%）住院病例发生在1岁以下儿童，发病率为每10万例115.2例。有47例死亡，其中1岁以下儿童组37例（79%），65岁以上组6例（13%）。百日咳住院的估计费用为1841欧元。
重症百日咳的流行病学及其临床和经济影响，证实了西班牙需要修改疫苗接种策略，以便在最脆弱群体中实现更有效的控制。
