Pajuelo-Ramírez Jaime, Sánchez-Abanto José, Alvarez-Dongo Doris, Tarqui-Mamani Carolina, Agüero-Zamora Rosa
Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica. 2013 Oct-Dec;30(4):583-9.
To determine the prevalence of overweight, obesity and chronic malnutrition in 6- to 9-year-old children in Peru.
A cross-cutting study based on the 2009-2010 National Household Survey. The size/age ratio was analyzed with references of the National Center for Health Statistic (NCSH) and the World Health Organization (WHO), considering less than two standard deviations for chronic malnutrition (CM); and the Must and WHO reference tables to measure the body mass index with 85 to 95 percentile values for overweight and above 95 for obesity.
With Must as reference, overweight was 12.1% and obesity 9.4%, and according to WHO overweight and obesity were 10.2 and 11.3% respectively. The prevalence of CM according to NCSH and WHO is 15.4 and 17.8% respectively. The highest prevalence of CM is in the north (25.2%), center (22.9%) and south of (19%) the Highland, while obesity is more present in the south coast (28%), Metropolitan Lima (22.8%) and the central Coast (22.5%). Of all the children with CM, 6.5% has overweight and 1.2% obesity.
CM is decreasing because size averages have improved, however obesity has doubled. The presence of CM and obesity in children aged 6 to 9 years old in different regions of Peru poses a challenge in the planning of food and nutrition policies.
确定秘鲁6至9岁儿童超重、肥胖和慢性营养不良的患病率。
基于2009 - 2010年全国住户调查开展的一项横向研究。根据美国国家卫生统计中心（NCSH）和世界卫生组织（WHO）的参考标准分析身高/年龄比，慢性营养不良（CM）定义为低于两个标准差；采用Must和WHO参考表，以体重指数85至95百分位值为超重标准，95百分位以上为肥胖标准。
以Must为参考标准，超重率为12.1%，肥胖率为9.4%；根据WHO标准，超重率和肥胖率分别为10.2%和11.3%。根据NCSH和WHO标准，CM的患病率分别为15.4%和17.8%。CM患病率最高的是高地的北部（25.2%）、中部（22.9%）和南部（19%），而肥胖在南部海岸（28%）、利马都会区（22.8%）和中部海岸（22.5%）更为常见。在所有患有CM的儿童中，6.5%超重，1.2%肥胖。
由于平均身高有所改善，CM患病率正在下降，但肥胖率翻了一番。秘鲁不同地区6至9岁儿童中CM和肥胖的存在，对食品和营养政策的规划构成了挑战。
