Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University , Hoegi, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of South Korea.
J Agric Food Chem. 2014 Mar 5;62(9):2062-8. doi: 10.1021/jf4046528. Epub 2014 Feb 25.
Soy (Glycine max, family Leguminosae), which contains isoflavones and saponins as main constituents, is known to exhibit memory-enhancing effects. Therefore, to investigate the role of soyasaponins in memory impairments, we isolated soyasaponins Ab (SA) and Bb (SB) from soybean and measured their protective effects against scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice. SA and SB significantly prevented scopolamine-induced memory impairment in passive avoidance and Y-maze tasks. Compared to SA, SB rescued memory impairment more potently. Treatment with SB (10 mg/kg, p.o.) protected memory impairment in passive avoidance and Y-maze tasks to 97% (F = 68.10, P < 0.05) and 78% (F = 35.57, P < 0.05) of untreated normal control level, respectively. SA and SB (10 mg/kg) also rescued scopolamine-induced memory impairment in Morris water maze task (F = 14.51, P < 0.05). In addition, soyasaponins preserved brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF) expression (F = 33.69, P < 0.05) and cAMP response element-binding (CREB) protein phosphorylation (F = 91.62, P < 0.05) in the hippocampus of scopolamine-treated mice. However, SA and SB did not inhibit acetylcholinesterase in vitro and ex vivo. On the basis of these findings, we suggest that soybean, particularly soyasaponins, may protect memory impairment by increasing BDNF expression and CREB phosphorylation.
大豆（Glycine max，豆科），主要成分包含异黄酮和皂角苷，已知具有增强记忆的作用。因此，为了研究大豆皂角苷在记忆损伤中的作用，我们从大豆中分离出大豆皂角苷 Ab（SA）和 Bb（SB），并测量它们对东莨菪碱诱导的小鼠记忆损伤的保护作用。SA 和 SB 显著预防了东莨菪碱诱导的被动回避和 Y 迷宫任务中的记忆损伤。与 SA 相比，SB 更有效地挽救了记忆损伤。SB（10mg/kg，口服）治疗保护了被动回避和 Y 迷宫任务中的记忆损伤，使其分别达到未处理正常对照水平的 97%（F = 68.10，P < 0.05）和 78%（F = 35.57，P < 0.05）。SA 和 SB（10mg/kg）还挽救了 Morris 水迷宫任务中的东莨菪碱诱导的记忆损伤（F = 14.51，P < 0.05）。此外，大豆皂角苷还保留了脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）的表达（F = 33.69，P < 0.05）和 cAMP 反应元件结合蛋白（CREB）的磷酸化（F = 91.62，P < 0.05）在东莨菪碱处理的小鼠海马中。然而，SA 和 SB 在体外和体内均不能抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶。基于这些发现，我们认为大豆，特别是大豆皂角苷，可能通过增加 BDNF 表达和 CREB 磷酸化来保护记忆损伤。
