医学期刊文章中对网站引用的衰减：主流期刊与小期刊。
Decay of references to Web sites in articles published in general medical journals: mainstream vs small journals.
机构信息
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz, Iran.
出版信息
Appl Clin Inform. 2013 Oct 2;4(4):455-64. doi: 10.4338/ACI-2013-07-RA-0055. eCollection 2013.
BACKGROUND
Over the last decade, Web sites (URLs) have been increasingly cited in scientific articles. However, the contents of the page of interest may change over the time.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the trend of citation to URLs in five general medical journals since January 2006 to June 2013 and to compare the trends in mainstream journals with small journals.
METHODS
References of all original articles and review articles published between January 2006 and June 2013 in three regional journals - Archives of Iranian Medicine (AIM), Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal (EMHJ), and Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute (JPMI) - and two mainstream journals - The Lancet and British Medical Journal (BMJ) - were reviewed. The references were checked to determine the frequency of citation to URLs as well as the rate of accessibility of the URLs cited.
RESULTS
A total of 2822 articles was studied. Since January 2006 onward, the number of citations to URLs increased in the journals (doubling time ranged from 4.2 years in EMHJ to 13.9 years in AIM). Overall, the percentage of articles citing at least one URL has increased from 24% in 2006 to 48.5% in 2013. Accessibility to URLs decayed as the references got old (half life ranged from 2.2 years in EMHJ to 5.3 years in BMJ). The ratio of citation to URLs in the studied mainstream journals, as well as the ratio of URLs accessible were significantly (p<0.001) higher than the small medical journals.
CONCLUSION
URLs are increasingly cited, but their contents decay with time. The trend of citing and decaying URLs are different in mainstream journals compared to small medical journals. Decay of URL contents would jeopardize the accuracy of the references and thus, the body of evidence. One way to tackle this important obstacle is to archive URLs permanently.
背景
在过去的十年中，网页（URL）在科学文章中被越来越多地引用。然而，人们感兴趣的网页内容可能会随着时间的推移而改变。
目的
调查自 2006 年 1 月至 2013 年 6 月期间，五本普通医学期刊中引用 URL 的趋势，并比较主流期刊与小期刊的趋势。
方法
回顾了 2006 年 1 月至 2013 年 6 月期间发表的三篇地区性期刊——《伊朗医学档案》（AIM）、《东地中海健康杂志》（EMHJ）和《研究生医学研究所杂志》（JPMI）以及两份主流期刊《柳叶刀》和《英国医学杂志》（BMJ）的所有原创文章和综述文章的参考文献。检查参考文献以确定引用 URL 的频率以及引用 URL 的可访问性。
结果
共研究了 2822 篇文章。自 2006 年 1 月以来，期刊中引用 URL 的数量有所增加（半衰期范围从 EMHJ 的 4.2 年到 AIM 的 13.9 年不等）。总体而言，至少引用一个 URL 的文章比例从 2006 年的 24%增加到 2013 年的 48.5%。随着参考文献的老化，URL 的可访问性下降（半衰期范围从 EMHJ 的 2.2 年到 BMJ 的 5.3 年不等）。在所研究的主流期刊中，引用 URL 的比例以及可访问 URL 的比例均显著高于小医学期刊（p<0.001）。
结论
URL 被越来越多地引用，但它们的内容会随着时间的推移而衰减。与小医学期刊相比，主流期刊引用和衰减 URL 的趋势有所不同。URL 内容的衰减会危及参考文献的准确性，从而影响证据的可信度。解决这一重要障碍的一种方法是永久存档 URL。
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