Conard Patricia L, Sauls Donna J
College of Nursing, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX.
Nurs Forum. 2014 Jan-Mar;49(1):1-10. doi: 10.1111/nuf.12049. Epub 2013 Jul 8.
The number of females serving in the Gulf War has risen and continues to be a rapidly growing group. Females occupy a wide range of roles and face a myriad of challenges as they serve alongside their male counterparts in almost every role. Females are also facing redeployment, multiple deployments, and/or extended deployments. The stressors of war and deployments may be putting them at risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). If left untreated, PTSD can have devastating and debilitating consequences for veteran's functioning and relationships, their families, and society.
To examine the literature over the past 10 years to determine if there is a relationship between deployments and the incidence of PTSD in female combat veterans as compared with male veterans.
Systematic review.
The numbers of veterans screening for PTSD are increasing. Those who have experienced extended or multiple tours have higher screening rates. Females report slightly less combat exposure than males but higher exposures to other stressors of war such as military sexual trauma. Females were at higher risk for depression while males were at higher risk of substance abuse. Females and lower rank were associated with greater utilization of Veterans Administration services.
在海湾战争中服役的女性数量有所增加，且仍在快速增长。女性担任着广泛的角色，在几乎每个岗位上与男性同行并肩作战时都面临着无数挑战。女性还面临着重新部署、多次部署和/或长期部署。战争和部署带来的压力源可能使她们面临创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的风险。如果不加以治疗，创伤后应激障碍会对退伍军人的功能和人际关系、他们的家庭以及社会造成毁灭性和使人衰弱的后果。
回顾过去10年的文献，以确定与男性退伍军人相比，部署与女性退伍军人创伤后应激障碍发病率之间是否存在关联。
系统评价。
筛查创伤后应激障碍的退伍军人数量在增加。经历过长期或多次服役的人筛查率更高。女性报告的战斗经历略少于男性，但遭受军事性创伤等其他战争压力源的情况更多。女性患抑郁症的风险更高，而男性滥用药物的风险更高。女性和低级别军人与更多地利用退伍军人管理局服务相关。
