Schmid Arlene A, Yaggi H Klar, Burrus Nicholas, McClain Vincent, Austin Charles, Ferguson Jared, Fragoso Carlos, Sico Jason J, Miech Edward J, Matthias Marianne S, Williams Linda S, Bravata Dawn M
Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523.
J Rehabil Res Dev. 2013;50(9):1277-86. doi: 10.1682/JRRD.2012.11.0215.
Falls are common after stroke; however, circumstances and consequences are relatively unknown. Our objectives were to identify the differences between fallers and non-fallers among people with chronic stroke, identify the circumstances of fall events, and examine the consequences of the falls. This is a secondary data analysis; all participants included sustained a stroke. Variables included demographics, stroke characteristics, and comorbidities. Falls were collected via self-report, and circumstances and consequences were derived from participant description of the event and categorized as appropriate. Among 160 participants, 53 (33%) reported a fall during the 1 yr period. Circumstances of falls were categorized as intrinsic or extrinsic. Location and circumstance of the fall were included: 70% occurred at home and 40% were associated with impaired physical or mental state (e.g., inattention to tying shoes). Additionally, 21% of falls were associated with activities of daily living and mobility and 34% with slips or trips. The majority who fell sustained an injury (72%). Injuries ranged from bruising to fractures, and 55% of those with an injury sought medical care (32% to emergency department). Poststroke falls are associated with an alarming rate of injury and healthcare utilization. Targeting mental and physical states may be key to fall prevention.
中风后跌倒很常见;然而,具体情况和后果相对不明。我们的目标是确定慢性中风患者中跌倒者与未跌倒者之间的差异,确定跌倒事件的情况,并研究跌倒的后果。这是一项二次数据分析;所有纳入的参与者都曾患过中风。变量包括人口统计学特征、中风特点和合并症。跌倒情况通过自我报告收集,情况和后果则根据参与者对事件的描述得出并进行适当分类。在160名参与者中,53人(33%)报告在1年期间有过跌倒。跌倒情况分为内在因素或外在因素。记录了跌倒的地点和情况:70%发生在家中,40%与身体或精神状态受损有关(如系鞋带时注意力不集中)。此外,21%的跌倒与日常生活活动和移动有关,34%与滑倒或绊倒有关。大多数跌倒者受到了伤害(72%)。伤害范围从瘀伤到骨折,55%的受伤者寻求了医疗护理(32%前往急诊科)。中风后跌倒与令人担忧的受伤率和医疗保健利用率相关。针对精神和身体状态可能是预防跌倒的关键。