Myers Ronald L
Rev Biol Trop. 2013 Sep;61 Suppl 1:35-45.
Here, I describe phenological activity of the raffia palm Raphia taedigera that dominates coastal swamps in northeastern Costa Rica. In this species, reproduction extends through the whole year, and it starts with the emergence and development of new inflorescences through the first month of the cycle. Expanded inflorescences develop into open flowers in a process that extends for three to four weeks to give rise to small fruits that are evidenced a month later. During the next twelve months or so, fruits mature but it take around six more months for all fruits to fall from the tree. Therefore, the entire reproductive process may exceed over two years. Different from other palm species, reproductive events in R. taedigera are aseasonal, and it is possible to observe palms in any reproductive state the whole year. Although the long period to fruit maturity exposes the seed to predispersal losses, this disadvantage may be over weighted by the production of large and heavy seeds that mature at different times on the same inflorescence.
在这里，我描述了在哥斯达黎加东北部沿海沼泽占主导地位的酒椰拉菲亚棕榈（Raphia taedigera）的物候活动。在这个物种中，繁殖贯穿全年，始于新花序的出现和发育，这一过程持续一个月。展开的花序在三到四周的时间里发育成开放的花朵，一个月后结出小果实。在接下来的十二个月左右，果实成熟，但所有果实从树上掉落还需要大约六个月的时间。因此，整个繁殖过程可能超过两年。与其他棕榈物种不同，酒椰拉菲亚棕榈的繁殖活动不受季节限制，全年都可以观察到处于任何繁殖状态的棕榈树。尽管果实成熟所需的时间较长，使种子面临预传播损失，但同一花序上不同时间成熟的大而重的种子的产生可能会弥补这一缺点。
