Liu Yaobao, Hsiang Michelle S, Zhou Huayun, Wang Weiming, Cao Yuanyuan, Gosling Roly D, Cao Jun, Gao Qi
Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention (Ministry of Health), Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Parasite Molecular Biology, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Malar J. 2014 Jan 25;13:29. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-13-29.
While great success in malaria control has been achieved in China, imported malaria has become a major challenge in the context of malaria elimination. This retrospective study describes the epidemiological profile of imported malaria and identifies the at-risk population during the period of 2001-2011 in Jiangsu Province.
Data on imported malaria cases in Jiangsu Province from 2001 to 2011 were collected from the infectious disease surveillance system and case investigation reports. Epidemiological trends were described and correlations between trends in exported labour and malaria imported from other countries were explored.
From 2001 to 2011, 918 malaria cases and six malaria deaths were due to malaria imported from other countries, accounting for 12.4% of all malaria cases and 100% of all malaria deaths. During this time period the annual number of indigenous cases decreased from 1,163 to 13 while the number of imported cases increased from 86 to 366. The relative proportion of cases imported from other countries versus other provinces also increased from 0.0% (0/86) to 97.0% (350/361). The most affected demographic groups were males (897 cases, 97.7%) and adults (20-50 years old: 857 cases, 93.4%). All 918 cases had a recent travel history to malaria-endemic areas and the main purpose for travel was overseas labour (848 cases, 92.4%). The cases were mainly acquired from African countries (855 cases, 93.1%). Plasmodium falciparum was the most common species (733 cases, 79.8%). The increase in malaria cases imported from other countries was associated with the growth of investment to Africa from Jiangsu (R2 = 0.8057) and the increasing number of exported labourers to Africa from Jiangsu (R2 = 0.8863).
From 2001 to 2011 in Jiangsu Province, there was a consistent increase in the number of malaria cases imported from other countries while the number of locally acquired cases sharply declined. This trend may be ascribed to the increasing investment from China to Africa and the rising number of Chinese labourers working in Africa. Preventative efforts should be targeted to this high-risk group and the surveillance and response system should be strengthened to prevent local resurgence in Jiangsu.
虽然中国在疟疾防控方面取得了巨大成功，但在疟疾消除背景下，输入性疟疾已成为一项重大挑战。本回顾性研究描述了输入性疟疾的流行病学特征，并确定了2001 - 2011年期间江苏省的高危人群。
从传染病监测系统和病例调查报告中收集2001年至2011年江苏省输入性疟疾病例的数据。描述了流行病学趋势，并探讨了劳务输出趋势与从其他国家输入疟疾之间的相关性。
2001年至2011年，918例疟疾病例和6例疟疾死亡是由从其他国家输入的疟疾所致，分别占所有疟疾病例的12.4%和所有疟疾死亡病例的100%。在此期间，本地病例年数从1163例降至13例，而输入病例数从86例增至366例。从其他国家输入病例相对于从其他省份输入病例的相对比例也从0.0%（0/86）增至97.0%（350/361）。受影响最严重的人群为男性（897例，97.7%）和成年人（20 - 50岁：857例，93.4%）。所有918例病例均有近期前往疟疾流行地区的旅行史，旅行的主要目的是海外务工（848例，92.4%）。病例主要来自非洲国家（855例，93.1%）。恶性疟原虫是最常见的种类（733例，79.8%）。从其他国家输入疟疾病例的增加与江苏对非洲投资的增长（R2 = 0.8057）以及江苏向非洲劳务输出人数的增加（R2 = 0.8863）相关。
2001年至2011年江苏省，从其他国家输入的疟疾病例数持续增加，而本地感染病例数急剧下降。这一趋势可能归因于中国对非洲投资的增加以及在非洲工作的中国劳务人员数量的上升。预防措施应针对这一高危人群，并且应加强监测和应对系统以防止疟疾在江苏本地再度流行。
