Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Travel Clinic Department of Ambulatory Care and Community Medicine, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2012 Sep;26(3):637-54. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2012.05.003. Epub 2012 Jul 12.
A common approach to malaria prevention is to follow the "A, B, C, D" rule: Awareness of risk, Bite avoidance, Compliance with chemoprophylaxis, and prompt Diagnosis in case of fever. The risk of acquiring malaria depends on the length and intensity of exposure; the risk of developing severe disease is primarily determined by the health status of the traveler. These parameters need to be assessed before recommending chemoprophylaxis and/or stand-by emergency treatment. This review discusses the different strategies and drug options available for the prevention of malaria during and post travel.
预防疟疾的常见方法是遵循“ABCD”规则：即提高风险意识、避免叮咬、遵守化学预防措施、出现发热时及时诊断。获得疟疾的风险取决于暴露的时间和强度；发生严重疾病的风险主要取决于旅行者的健康状况。在推荐化学预防和/或备用紧急治疗之前，需要评估这些参数。本文讨论了旅行中和旅行后预防疟疾的不同策略和药物选择。
