Venus C A, Canter G J
Olin E. Teague Veteran's Center, Temple, TX 76501.
J Commun Disord. 1987 Dec;20(6):477-91. doi: 10.1016/0021-9924(87)90035-9.
Aphasic adults with severe auditory comprehension impairment responded to redundant and nonredundant spoken and/or gestured messages by pointing to pictures. Messages of two types (pantomime and emblem) were presented under four conditions (spoken message alone, spoken message repeated, gestured message alone, and spoken message plus redundant gesture). Though spoken messages repeated and spoken messages with gestures were comprehended significantly more often than gestures alone, neither of these stimulus conditions was reliably superior to spoken messages alone. This finding casts doubt on the clinical strategy of supplementing spoken messages with redundant gestures when auditory comprehension is severely impaired, and raises questions about the ability of severely aphasic individuals to utilize semantically redundant message content. Pantomimes were consistently comprehended more frequently than emblems, regardless of stimulus condition. This finding was attributed to a depictability factor: the pictures associated with pantomimes were relatively direct representations of item content, while those associated with emblems were necessarily less direct representations. For this group of subjects, whose range of comprehension deficit was deliberately restricted, neither auditory nor reading comprehension at the single-word level was found to correlate with comprehension of symbolic gestures.
患有严重听觉理解障碍的失语症成年人通过指向图片对冗余和非冗余的口语和/或手势信息做出反应。两种类型的信息（哑剧和象征动作）在四种条件下呈现（仅口语信息、重复口语信息、仅手势信息以及口语信息加冗余手势）。尽管重复的口语信息和带有手势的口语信息比仅手势信息被理解的频率显著更高，但这两种刺激条件都没有可靠地优于仅口语信息。这一发现对在听觉理解严重受损时用冗余手势补充口语信息的临床策略提出了质疑，并引发了关于严重失语症个体利用语义冗余信息内容能力的问题。无论刺激条件如何，哑剧始终比象征动作被理解得更频繁。这一发现归因于可描绘性因素：与哑剧相关的图片是物品内容的相对直接的表示，而与象征动作相关的图片必然是不太直接的表示。对于这组故意限制理解缺陷范围的受试者，在单字水平上，听觉理解和阅读理解均未发现与象征手势的理解相关。
